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Theory Debunking COPES (PART 2) — TBL Method + Banded Sleeping (6 Viewers)

Theory Debunking COPES (PART 2) — TBL Method + Banded Sleeping
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Dexter

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I. DEBUNKING THE TBL METHOD

1. Piezoelectricity in bone

Fukada & Yasuda (1957) demonstrated that dry bone generates electrical polarization under shear stress due to collagen’s anisotropic crystalline micelles. but the problem is the:

- magnitude: the piezoelectric constant of bone (d14 = 0.3 - 0.7 pC/N) is three orders of magnitude lower than typical piezoelectric ceramics

- structural vs. biological: they used dry and boiled bone precisely to prove the effect is not mediated by living cells. in living bone streaming potentials (fluid flow in canaliculi) dominate over true piezoelectricity by a factor of 10-100x. you would be oblitering vascularity.


2. DDS function generator and "softening bone at molecular level"

A DDS generator outputs low voltage (like ≤10 Vpp) and low current waveforms. to produce any meaningful strain induced potential in bone’s hydroxyapatite collagen composite:

- required field strength to influence osteoblasts would be something like 1-10 µA/cm² by electrical stimulation devices (like pulsed electromagnetic fields, capacitively coupled fields). those require direct contact electrodes or large inductive coils and not remote DDS leads through skin JFL

even then, electrical stimulation does not soften bone (the idea is retarded). bone’s elastic modulus (10 - 20 GPa) is unchanged by microcurrents. "molecular softening" has zero literature in materials science of biominerals. heat would be required (thermally activated dislocation motion) but that denatures collagen above 60°C. So again. this makes no sense.


3. Waveform, Hertz, and growth plates in adults

Growth plates close in humans by around 17 years (femur) to 20 ish years (clavicle). once closed the epiphyseal line is a bony scar. no mechanism exists to reopen it with frequency specific signals.

- claim that certain Hz induces "plastic state" confuses viscoelasticity (bone is rate dependent, becoming stiffer at high strain rates, not softer) with thermoplasticity (impossible in vivo).
- no peer reviewed study shows that 15 Hz vs 150 Hz or any waveform from a DDS alters bone’s yield point temporarily. It is simply impossible, retards.



4. "High impact mechanical loading during softened state"

High impact loading (like jumping or whatever) produces compressive strains of 1000 - 2000 µε. wolff’s law states bone adapts to habitual loading by altering mass and architecture and NOT length. longitudinal bone growth occurs only at the physis via endochondral ossification (this process requires proliferating chondrocytes and not mechanical elongation lol)

If you apply axial impact to an adult femur:
- if bone were truly "softened" (modulus becomes 0) it would buckle plastically and not elongate
- elongation without net addition of extracellular matrix is physically impossible since bone density would drop to negative values. the Hall Petch relationship in biominerals prevents tensile elongation over 0.2% without fracture


5. Target areas (distal femur, lumbar spine, calcaneus bone)

- distal femur: loads transmit through tibial plateau. even if plasticity occurred the longitudinal elongation would require distraction osteogenesis (Ilizarov method) at 1 mm/day with osteotomy. no DDS + jumping can mimic surgical corticotomy

- lumbar spine: vertebral body growth plates close at 18 ish years. axial loading compresses disc height transiently (creep) but doesn't lengthen bone. wolff’s law in vertebrae increases trabecular density annd not height

- calcaneus: a short bone. even if elongated (impossible) itd alter foot biomechanics catastrophically (subtalar joint incongruity) and you'd get raped.


6. Thermodynamic and kinetic impossibilities

Bone remodeling follows Frost’s mechanostat (i think i remember talking about this here, anyway):
- microstrain < 1000 means no change
- 1500- 2500 means modeling (surface apposition)
- 3000 means stress fracture

to force elongation of, say, 5 cm in femur (averaging 45 cm) you need around 11% strain which is over ultimate strain (1 - 2%) by a lot. this would fracture your spine LOL

and also, the piezoelectric charge generated in vivo by jumping (around 1-10 pC per mm³) is insufficient to activate osteocyte signaling (requires calcium oscillations via ion channels and not direct charge)





II. DEBUNKING BANDED SLEEPING

1. Proposed mechanism

banded sleeping claims that wearing elastic or inelastic bands around limbs or torso during sleep provides a sustained low magnitude tensile load allegedly stimulating longitudinal bone growth via:

- Mechanotransduction causing osteoblast proliferation
- "creep" of bone matrix
- chondrocyte stretch in remaining growth plates

problem is that bone is not viscoelastic in the way required for creep elongation. true creep (time dependent plastic strain under constant load) occurs in polymers, metals above half their melting point (homologous temperature >0.5) and soft tissues like tendon. at 37°C bone’s homologous temperature is like 0.289x its melting point (hydroxyapatite decomposes at over 800°C). no dislocation climb, no grain boundary sliding, no time dependent elongation in mineralized tissue at body temperature.


2. Tensile vs. compressive loading

wolff’s law (actual formulation is yhat bone adapts to habitual mechanical environment) operates primarily under compression and shear and not sustained pure tension. why tho?

- osteocytes detect fluid flow in canaliculi driven by strain gradients. constant tension without cyclic variation means adaptation stalls within hours due to mechanosensory desensitization (Piezo1/TRPV4 channels inactivate)

- in fact sustained tension without rest periods triggers disuse osteopenia paradoxically, that means bone resorption via RANK L upregulation.


3. Band tensile forces

a typical elastic band provides like 75N at 100% elongation. but:

- for longitudinal strain (ε = σ/E) even 100N on a femur (CSA 4 cm² of cortical bone) gives axial stress σ = 0.25 MPa. bone’s elastic modulus E = 17 GPa means ε = 1.47 × 10^-5 (0.0015%). that’s like 100x below the mechanosensitive threshold (0.1% strain).

- growth plate cartilage (even if open) requires dynamic compressive strains of 5 - 15% to stimulate chondrocyte proliferation. static tension does nothing except maybe trigger apoptosis in chondrocytes


4. "Sleep duration = muh 8 hours of continuous loading"

tissues require unloading periods for fluid transport and waste clearance. eight hours of constant tension means:

- venous and lymphatic obstruction which means compartment syndrome risk if bands are tight (over 40 mmHg)
- nerve compression (peroneal, tibial, femoral) which causes paresthesias, foot drop or Saturday night palsy analogues
- muscle contracture causes sarcomere length adaptation in series and not bone growth. muscles would shorten under sustained low tension

even Ilizarov distraction (the only proven limb lengthening method) requires intermittent distraction (0.25mm every 6 hours) with daily compression phases and rigid external fixation and not elastic bands during sleep. this is actually funny lol, just imagine the difference.


5. Epiphyseal plate reopening

this claim violates both developmental biology and fracture healing bcz:

- epiphyseal closure occurs via vascular invasion and ossification of the reserve zone chondrocytes. no mechanical signal reverses this , only surgical reopening (epiphysiolysis) in animal models which creates a fracture and not a functional growth plate

- even if bands could generate strain at the physis (impossible as forces transmit through metaphysis not across the plate in tension. the plate is weaker in shear/compression but actually quite strong in tension due to interdigitating collagen fibers) the machinery or whatever of the growth plate (Indian hedgehog, PTHrP, Sox9) is irreversibly GONE after closure by DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling


6. Thermodynamic and kinetic arguments

creep strain rate (dε/dt) scales with diffusivity of calcium ions through apatite lattice. at 37°C:

- diffusion coefficient of Ca2+ in hydroxyapatite will be 10^-20 m²/s (for comparison in water it’s like 10^-9 m²/s)
- characteristic time for 1% creep strain via diffusion is >10^9 years (I'm actually crying :banderas::banderas::banderas:)

so even if you applied 10x the yield stress continuously, bone would fracture violently before any measurable creep elongation occurred. the only known biological tensile creep is in dentin (due to collagen fibril sliding) but that saturates at like 0.1% strain and is damage lol not growth





IDEAS —
TBL METHOD - fent fent
BANDED SLEEPING - D DoorHandle5 (RIP)
 
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Dexter

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  • #2
excuse the formatting, i couldn't bother
 

Razi

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  • #3
best time to post this
Mirin, nice work
 

fent

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  • #4
I. DEBUNKING THE TBL METHOD

1. Piezoelectricity in bone

Fukada & Yasuda (1957) demonstrated that dry bone generates electrical polarization under shear stress due to collagen’s anisotropic crystalline micelles. but the problem is the:

- magnitude: the piezoelectric constant of bone (d14 = 0.3 - 0.7 pC/N) is three orders of magnitude lower than typical piezoelectric ceramics

- structural vs. biological: they used dry and boiled bone precisely to prove the effect is not mediated by living cells. in living bone streaming potentials (fluid flow in canaliculi) dominate over true piezoelectricity by a factor of 10-100x. you would be oblitering vascularity.


2. DDS function generator and "softening bone at molecular level"

A DDS generator outputs low voltage (like ≤10 Vpp) and low current waveforms. to produce any meaningful strain induced potential in bone’s hydroxyapatite collagen composite:

- required field strength to influence osteoblasts would be something like 1-10 µA/cm² by electrical stimulation devices (like pulsed electromagnetic fields, capacitively coupled fields). those require direct contact electrodes or large inductive coils and not remote DDS leads through skin JFL

even then, electrical stimulation does not soften bone (the idea is retarded). bone’s elastic modulus (10 - 20 GPa) is unchanged by microcurrents. "molecular softening" has zero literature in materials science of biominerals. heat would be required (thermally activated dislocation motion) but that denatures collagen above 60°C. So again. this makes no sense.


3. Waveform, Hertz, and growth plates in adults

Growth plates close in humans by around 17 years (femur) to 20 ish years (clavicle). once closed the epiphyseal line is a bony scar. no mechanism exists to reopen it with frequency specific signals.

- claim that certain Hz induces "plastic state" confuses viscoelasticity (bone is rate dependent, becoming stiffer at high strain rates, not softer) with thermoplasticity (impossible in vivo).
- no peer reviewed study shows that 15 Hz vs 150 Hz or any waveform from a DDS alters bone’s yield point temporarily. It is simply impossible, retards.



4. "High impact mechanical loading during softened state"

High impact loading (like jumping or whatever) produces compressive strains of 1000 - 2000 µε. wolff’s law states bone adapts to habitual loading by altering mass and architecture and NOT length. longitudinal bone growth occurs only at the physis via endochondral ossification (this process requires proliferating chondrocytes and not mechanical elongation lol)

If you apply axial impact to an adult femur:
- if bone were truly "softened" (modulus becomes 0) it would buckle plastically and not elongate
- elongation without net addition of extracellular matrix is physically impossible since bone density would drop to negative values. the Hall Petch relationship in biominerals prevents tensile elongation over 0.2% without fracture


5. Target areas (distal femur, lumbar spine, calcaneus bone)

- distal femur: loads transmit through tibial plateau. even if plasticity occurred the longitudinal elongation would require distraction osteogenesis (Ilizarov method) at 1 mm/day with osteotomy. no DDS + jumping can mimic surgical corticotomy

- lumbar spine: vertebral body growth plates close at 18 ish years. axial loading compresses disc height transiently (creep) but doesn't lengthen bone. wolff’s law in vertebrae increases trabecular density annd not height

- calcaneus: a short bone. even if elongated (impossible) itd alter foot biomechanics catastrophically (subtalar joint incongruity) and you'd get raped.


6. Thermodynamic and kinetic impossibilities

Bone remodeling follows Frost’s mechanostat (i think i remember talking about this here, anyway):
- microstrain < 1000 means no change
- 1500- 2500 means modeling (surface apposition)
- 3000 means stress fracture

to force elongation of, say, 5 cm in femur (averaging 45 cm) you need around 11% strain which is over ultimate strain (1 - 2%) by a lot. this would fracture your spine LOL

and also, the piezoelectric charge generated in vivo by jumping (around 1-10 pC per mm³) is insufficient to activate osteocyte signaling (requires calcium oscillations via ion channels and not direct charge)





II. DEBUNKING BANDED SLEEPING

1. Proposed mechanism

banded sleeping claims that wearing elastic or inelastic bands around limbs or torso during sleep provides a sustained low magnitude tensile load allegedly stimulating longitudinal bone growth via:

- Mechanotransduction causing osteoblast proliferation
- "creep" of bone matrix
- chondrocyte stretch in remaining growth plates

problem is that bone is not viscoelastic in the way required for creep elongation. true creep (time dependent plastic strain under constant load) occurs in polymers, metals above half their melting point (homologous temperature >0.5) and soft tissues like tendon. at 37°C bone’s homologous temperature is like 0.289x its melting point (hydroxyapatite decomposes at over 800°C). no dislocation climb, no grain boundary sliding, no time dependent elongation in mineralized tissue at body temperature.


2. Tensile vs. compressive loading

wolff’s law (actual formulation is yhat bone adapts to habitual mechanical environment) operates primarily under compression and shear and not sustained pure tension. why tho?

- osteocytes detect fluid flow in canaliculi driven by strain gradients. constant tension without cyclic variation means adaptation stalls within hours due to mechanosensory desensitization (Piezo1/TRPV4 channels inactivate)

- in fact sustained tension without rest periods triggers disuse osteopenia paradoxically, that means bone resorption via RANK L upregulation.


3. Band tensile forces

a typical elastic band provides like 75N at 100% elongation. but:

- for longitudinal strain (ε = σ/E) even 100N on a femur (CSA 4 cm² of cortical bone) gives axial stress σ = 0.25 MPa. bone’s elastic modulus E = 17 GPa means ε = 1.47 × 10^-5 (0.0015%). that’s like 100x below the mechanosensitive threshold (0.1% strain).

- growth plate cartilage (even if open) requires dynamic compressive strains of 5 - 15% to stimulate chondrocyte proliferation. static tension does nothing except maybe trigger apoptosis in chondrocytes


4. "Sleep duration = muh 8 hours of continuous loading"

tissues require unloading periods for fluid transport and waste clearance. eight hours of constant tension means:

- venous and lymphatic obstruction which means compartment syndrome risk if bands are tight (over 40 mmHg)
- nerve compression (peroneal, tibial, femoral) which causes paresthesias, foot drop or Saturday night palsy analogues
- muscle contracture causes sarcomere length adaptation in series and not bone growth. muscles would shorten under sustained low tension

even Ilizarov distraction (the only proven limb lengthening method) requires intermittent distraction (0.25mm every 6 hours) with daily compression phases and rigid external fixation and not elastic bands during sleep. this is actually funny lol, just imagine the difference.


5. Epiphyseal plate reopening

this claim violates both developmental biology and fracture healing bcz:

- epiphyseal closure occurs via vascular invasion and ossification of the reserve zone chondrocytes. no mechanical signal reverses this , only surgical reopening (epiphysiolysis) in animal models which creates a fracture and not a functional growth plate

- even if bands could generate strain at the physis (impossible as forces transmit through metaphysis not across the plate in tension. the plate is weaker in shear/compression but actually quite strong in tension due to interdigitating collagen fibers) the machinery or whatever of the growth plate (Indian hedgehog, PTHrP, Sox9) is irreversibly GONE after closure by DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling


6. Thermodynamic and kinetic arguments

creep strain rate (dε/dt) scales with diffusivity of calcium ions through apatite lattice. at 37°C:

- diffusion coefficient of Ca2+ in hydroxyapatite will be 10^-20 m²/s (for comparison in water it’s like 10^-9 m²/s)
- characteristic time for 1% creep strain via diffusion is >10^9 years (I'm actually crying :banderas::banderas::banderas:)

so even if you applied 10x the yield stress continuously, bone would fracture violently before any measurable creep elongation occurred. the only known biological tensile creep is in dentin (due to collagen fibril sliding) but that saturates at like 0.1% strain and is damage lol not growth





IDEAS —
TBL METHOD - fent fent
BANDED SLEEPING - D DoorHandle5 (RIP)
Mirin hard
 

Dexter

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Razi

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Dexter

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Razi

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Dimorphic

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  • #9
Best time to post.
 

Dexter

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  • #10
Best time to post.
suicdide.png
 

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