Looksmax - Men's Self Improvement Forum

J350 · 2026-01-15T16:46:53+0000

I cannot help but ask myself the extent to which they (negroids and Caucasoids) truly constitute a part of the same species. genetic analyses have discerned a striking degree of endogamy within both racial groups, with allelic diversity exceeding that observed amongst certain avian, reptilian, and piscean taxonomies [1]. this genetic isolation, archaic hominid ancestry, begs the question: are we still warranted in appending the moniker 'homo sapiens' to all of humanity with such disparate lineage?

fuerle's work [2][3], imbued with a rigorously scientific methodology and an unflinching commitment to the truth, forces us to confront the possibility that the negro may represent a distinct, albeit closely related, species. the notion, once taboo, of affording the negro a unique taxonomic designation, emerges as a plausible hypothesis that merits further scholarly scrutiny.

by examining the negro through the lens of modern genetics, anatomy, and evolutionary theory, we find ourselves compelled to revisit the very definition of our species. the persistence of racial disparities, rooted in our deep evolutionary past, challenges us to reevaluate the boundaries of what it means to be human.

references
[1] Shriver MD, Kennedy GC, Parra EJ, Lawson HA, Sonpar V, Huang J, Akey JM, Jones KW. The genomic distribution of population substructure in four populations using 8,525 autosomal SNPs. Hum Genomics. 2004 May;1(4):274-86. doi: 10.1186/1479-7364-1-4-274. PMID: 15588487; PMCID: PMC3525267.
[2] Fuerle, R. D. (2008). Erectus walks amongst us: The evolution of modern humans. Spooner Press. ISBN 978-1-60458-121-8.
[3]Hu, Meng. 2025. “Erectus Walks Amongst Us: A Book Arguing That Africans Are a Different Species…” July 13, 2025.

cp_ · 2026-01-15T16:48:58+0000

NO

Godveil Heir · 2026-01-15T16:50:42+0000

This is just pure bigotry
You could make an argument that white people resemble monkeys because of thin lips, low melanin and body hair.

realhmtn · 2026-01-15T16:54:54+0000

J350 said:
I cannot help but ask myself the extent to which they (negroids and Caucasoids) truly constitute a part of the same species. genetic analyses have discerned a striking degree of endogamy within both racial groups, with allelic diversity exceeding that observed amongst certain avian, reptilian, and piscean taxonomies [1]. this genetic isolation, archaic hominid ancestry, begs the question: are we still warranted in appending the moniker 'homo sapiens' to all of humanity with such disparate lineage?

fuerle's work [2][3], imbued with a rigorously scientific methodology and an unflinching commitment to the truth, forces us to confront the possibility that the negro may represent a distinct, albeit closely related, species. the notion, once taboo, of affording the negro a unique taxonomic designation, emerges as a plausible hypothesis that merits further scholarly scrutiny.

by examining the negro through the lens of modern genetics, anatomy, and evolutionary theory, we find ourselves compelled to revisit the very definition of our species. the persistence of racial disparities, rooted in our deep evolutionary past, challenges us to reevaluate the boundaries of what it means to be human.

references
[1] Shriver MD, Kennedy GC, Parra EJ, Lawson HA, Sonpar V, Huang J, Akey JM, Jones KW. The genomic distribution of population substructure in four populations using 8,525 autosomal SNPs. Hum Genomics. 2004 May;1(4):274-86. doi: 10.1186/1479-7364-1-4-274. PMID: 15588487; PMCID: PMC3525267.
[2] Fuerle, R. D. (2008). Erectus walks amongst us: The evolution of modern humans. Spooner Press. ISBN 978-1-60458-121-8.
[3]Hu, Meng. 2025. “Erectus Walks Amongst Us: A Book Arguing That Africans Are a Different Species…” July 13, 2025.

Sounds about right.

J350 · 2026-01-15T17:03:01+0000

Godveil Heir said:
This is just pure bigotry
You could make an argument that white people resemble monkeys because of thin lips, low melanin and body hair.

your argument is a specious one, predicated upon a false equivalence and a superficial focus on trivial phenotypical similarities.

to dismiss the genuine, well-documented biological differences as mere "bigotry" is to engage in the very same kind of ideologically driven denial that has long obstructed a clear-eyed understanding of race. the fact that both groups exhibit unique, genetically determined traits is not a matter of opinion, but a matter of empirical fact, supported by a vast and growing body of scientific evidence.

your attempted counterargument, comparing white people to monkeys based on superficial physical characteristics, is a logical fallacy known as "tu quoque".

it seeks to deflect attention from the well-established biological differences between the races by pointing to minor resemblances to other species. this specious reasoning is akin to arguing that since lions and cats share some physical characteristics, they are essentially the same creature. it is a transparent attempt to obfuscate the profound and meaningful genetic and anthropological differences that distinguish the negro from the caucasoid.

rather than engaging in such intellectually dishonest comparisons, it would be well-served to examine the peer-reviewed literature on human genetic diversity, anthropometry, and evolutionary biology. denial, in the face of overwhelming evidence, is faggotry.

here I have provided a small segment of references from my overall work on this topic from the last 10 years.

Adcock, G. J., Dennis, E. S., Easteal, S., Huttley, G. A., Jermiin, L. S., Peacock, W. J., & Thorne, A. (2001). Mitochondrial DNA sequences in ancient Australians: implications for modern human origins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(2), 537–542.

Ahern, F. M., Cole, R. E., Johnson, R. C., & Wong, B. (1981). Personality attributes of males and females marrying within vs. across racial/ethnic groups. Behavior Genetics, 11(3), 181–194.

Akbari, A., Barton, A. R., Gazal, S., Li, Z., Kariminejad, M., Perry, A., ... & Reich, D. (2024). Pervasive findings of directional selection realize the promise of ancient DNA to elucidate human adaptation. bioRxiv.

Al-Zahery, N., Pala, M., Battaglia, V., Grugni, V., Hamod, M. A., Kashani, B. H., Olivieri, A., Torroni, A., Santachiara-Benerecetti, A. S., & Semino, O. (2011). In search of the genetic footprints of Sumerians: a survey of Y-chromosome and mtDNA variation in the Marsh Arabs of Iraq. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 11, 1–16.

Albalat, R., & Cañestro, C. (2016). Evolution by gene loss. Nature Reviews Genetics, 17, 379–391.

Ali, A., Lin, S. L., He, J. K., Kong, F. M., Yu, J. H., & Jiang, H. S. (2019). Climate and soils determine aboveground biomass indirectly via species diversity and stand structural complexity in tropical forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 432, 823–831.

Almarri, M. A., Haber, M., Lootah, R. A., Hallast, P., Al Turki, S., Martin, H. C., Xue, Y., & Tyler-Smith, C. (2021). The genomic history of the Middle East. Cell, 184(18), 4612–4625.

Alves Barboza, R., da Silva, E. A., Ruellas, T., & Damião, R. (2018). Anthropometric study of penile length in self-declared Brazilians regarding the color of the skin as white or black: The study of a Myth. International Journal of Impotence Research, 30(1), 43–47.

Ama, P. F.M. et al. (1986). Skeletal muscle characteristics in sedentary Black and Caucasian males. Journal of Applied Physiology, 61, 1758–1761.

Antón, S. C., Potts, R., & Aiello, L. C. (2014). Evolution of early Homo: an integrated biological perspective. Science, 345(6192), 1236828.

Antonio, M. L., Gao, Z., Moots, H. M., Lucci, M., Candilio, F., Sawyer, S., ... & Pritchard, J. K. (2019). Ancient Rome: A genetic crossroads of Europe and the Mediterranean. Science, 366(6466), 708–714.

Armstrong, T. A., Boisvert, D. L., Wells, J., Lewis, R. H., Cooke, E. M., Woeckener, M., ... & Harper, J. M. (2022). Testosterone, cortisol, and criminal behavior in men and women. Hormones and Behavior, 146, 105260.

Arnold, M. L., & Meyer, A. (2006). Natural hybridization in primates: one evolutionary mechanism. Zoology, 109(4), 261–276.

Athreya, S., & Wu, X. (2017). A multivariate assessment of the Dali hominin cranium from China: Morphological affinities and implications for Pleistocene evolution in East Asia. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 164(4), 679-701.

Bar-Haim, Y., Ziv, T., Lamy, D., & Hodes, R. M. (2006). Nature and nurture in own-race face processing. Psychological Science, 17(2), 159–163.

Barreiro, L. B., Laval, G., Quach, H., Patin, E., & Quintana-Murci, L. (2008). Natural selection has driven population differentiation in modern humans. Nature Genetics, 40(3), 340–345.

Bastir, M., Sanz‐Prieto, D., Burgos, M. A., Pérez‐Ramos, A., Heuzé, Y., Maréchal, L., Evteev, A., Toro-Ibacache, V., & Esteban‐Ortega, F. (2024). Beyond skeletal studies: A computational analysis of nasal airway function in climate adaptation. American Journal of Biological Anthropology, 184(2), e24932.

Bates, T. C., Luciano, M., Lind, P. A., Wright, M. J., Montgomery, G. W., & Martin, N. G. (2008). Recently-derived variants of brain-size genes ASPM, MCPH1, CDK5RAP and BRCA1 not associated with general cognition, reading or language. Intelligence, 36(6), 689–693.

Baughman, H. M., Giammarco, E. A., Veselka, L., Schermer, J. A., Martin, N. G., Lynskey, M., & Vernon, P. A. (2012). A behavioral genetic study of humor styles in an Australian sample. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 15(5), 663–667.

Beach, D. (1998). Cognitive archaeology and imaginary history at Great Zimbabwe. Current Anthropology, 39(1), 47–72.

Beals, K. L., Smith, C. L., Dodd, S. M., Angel, J. L., Armstrong, E., Blumenberg, B., ... & Trinkaus, E. (1984). Brain size, cranial morphology, climate, and time machines [and comments and reply]. Current Anthropology, 25(3), 301–330.

Beaton, A. A., Rudling, N., Kissling, C., Taurines, R., & Thome, J. (2011). Digit ratio (2D: 4D), salivary testosterone, and handedness. Laterality, 16(2), 136–155.

Bednarik, R. G. (2013). African Eve: hoax or hypothesis?. Advances in Anthropology, 3(4), 216–228.

Begun, D. R. (2016). The real planet of the apes: A new story of human origins. Princeton University Press.

Beleza, S., Santos, A. M., McEvoy, B., Alves, I., Martinho, C., Cameron, E., Shriver, M. D., Parra, E. J., & Rocha, J. (2013). The timing of pigmentation lightening in Europeans. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 30(1), 24–35.

Belladelli, F., Del Giudice, F., Glover, F., Mulloy, E., Muncey, W., Basran, S., Fallara, G., Pozzi, E., Montorsi, F., Salonia, A., & Eisenberg, M. L. (2023). Worldwide temporal trends in penile length: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The World Journal of Men’s Health, 41(4), 848–860.

Bereczkei, T., Gyuris, P., & Weisfeld, G. E. (2004). Sexual imprinting in human mate choice. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 271(1544), 1129–1134.

Bereczkei, T., Hegedus, G., & Hajnal, G. (2009). Facialmetric similarities mediate mate choice: sexual imprinting on opposite-sex parents. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 276, 91–98.

Bergström, A., Stringer, C., Hajdinjak, M., Scerri, E. M., & Skoglund, P. (2021). Origins of modern human ancestry. Nature, 590, 229–237.

Betti, L. (2017). Human Variation in Pelvic Shape and the Effects of Climate and Past Population History. The Anatomical Record, 300(4), 687–697.

Betti, L., & Manica, A. (2018). Human variation in the shape of the birth canal is significant and geographically structured. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285(1889), 20181807.

Bettle, R., & Rosati, A. G. (2021). Understanding Human Gaze. In T. K., Shackelford, & V. A., Weekes-Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science (pp. 8274–8277). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.

Beutler, E., & West, C. (2005). Hematologic differences between African-Americans and whites: the roles of iron deficiency and α-thalassemia on hemoglobin levels and mean corpuscular volume. Blood, 106(2), 740–745.

Böhme, M., Spassov, N., Ebner, M., Geraads, D., Hristova, L., Kirscher, U., ... & Winklhofer, M. (2017). Messinian age and savannah environment of the possible hominin Graecopithecus from Europe. PLoS One, 12(5), e0177347.

Borneman, A. R., Gianoulis, T. A., Zhang, Z. D., Yu, H., Rozowsky, J., Seringhaus, M. R., Wang, L. Y., Gerstein, M., & Snyder, M. (2007). Divergence of transcription factor binding sites across related yeast species. Science, 317(5839), 815–819.

Botero, C. A., Weissing, F. J., Wright, J., & Rubenstein, D. R. (2015). Evolutionary tipping points in the capacity to adapt to environmental change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(1), 184–189.

Bratsberg, B., Rogeberg, O., & Terviö, M. (2024). Steeper at the top: cognitive ability and earnings in Finland and Norway. European Sociological Review, jcae020.

Breit, M., Scherrer, V., Tucker-Drob, E. M., & Preckel, F. (2024). The stability of cognitive abilities: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 150(4), 399–439.

Brown, M. I., Wai, J., & Chabris, C. F. (2021). Can you ever be too smart for your own good? Comparing linear and nonlinear effects of cognitive ability on life outcomes. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 16(6), 1337–1359.

Cabrera, V. M., Marrero, P., Abu-Amero, K. K., & Larruga, J. M. (2018). Carriers of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup L3 basal lineages migrated back to Africa from Asia around 70,000 years ago. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 18, 98.

Calvin, W. H. (1991). The throwing madonna: Essays on the brain.

Campbell, M. C., & Tishkoff, S. A. (2008). African genetic diversity: implications for human demographic history, modern human origins, and complex disease mapping. Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, 9, 403–433.

Cantwell, M. F., McKenna, M. T., McCray, E., & Onorato, I. M. (1998). Tuberculosis and race/ethnicity in the United States: impact of socioeconomic status. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 157(4), 1016–1020.

Cartwright, C., Ragni, A., Hublin, J. J., & Chirchir, H. (2024). Trabecular bone volume fraction in Holocene and Late Pleistocene humans. Journal of Human Evolution, 190, 103499.

Černý, V., Pereira, L., Kujanová, M., Vašíková, A., Hájek, M., Morris, M., & Mulligan, C. J. (2009). Out of Arabia—the settlement of island Soqotra as revealed by mitochondrial and Y chromosome genetic diversity. American Journal of Physical Anthropology: The Official Publication of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, 138(4), 439–447.

Chandrasekar, A., Kumar, S., Sreenath, J., Sarkar, B. N., Urade, B. P., Mallick, S., ... & Rao, V. R. (2009). Updating phylogeny of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup m in India: dispersal of modern human in South Asian corridor. PLoS One, 4(10), e7447.

Chapais, B. (2008). Primeval Kinship: How Pair Bonding Gave Birth to Human Society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Charlesworth, D., & Willis, J. H. (2009). The genetics of inbreeding depression. Nature Reviews Genetics, 10, 783–796.

Cherkas, L., Hochberg, F., MacGregor, A. J., Snieder, H., & Spector, T. D. (2000). Happy families: A twin study of humour. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 3(1), 17–22.

Clavel, J., Julliard, R., & Devictor, V. (2011). Worldwide decline of specialist species: toward a global functional homogenization?. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 9(4), 222–228.

Clemente, F., Unterländer, M., Dolgova, O., Amorim, C. E. G., Coroado-Santos, F., Neuenschwander, S., ... & Papageorgopoulou, C. (2021). The genomic history of the Aegean palatial civilizations. Cell, 184(10), 2565–2586.

Cochran, G., & Harpending, H. (2009). The 10,000 year explosion: How civilization accelerated human evolution. Basic Books.

Cole, C. B., Zhu, S. J., Mathieson, I., Prüfer, K., & Lunter, G. (2020). Ancient Admixture into Africa from the ancestors of non-Africans. bioRxiv.

Coon, C. S. (1962). The origin of races. New York: Knopf.

Coop, G., Pickrell, J. K., Novembre, J., Kudaravalli, S., Li, J., Absher, D., Myers, R. M., Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., Feldman, M. W., & Pritchard, J. K. (2009). The role of geography in human adaptation. PLoS Genetics, 5(6), e1000500.

Coppinger, R., & Schneider, R. (1995). Evolution of working dogs. In Serpell, J. (Ed.), The Domestic Dog: Its Evolution, Behaviour and Interactions with People (pp. 21–47). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Corballis, M. C. (1991). The Lopsided Ape: Evolution of the Generative Mind. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Corballis, M. C. (2003). From mouth to hand: gesture, speech, and the evolution of right-handedness. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 26(2), 199–208.

Corballis, M. C. (2009). The evolution of language. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1156, 19–43.

Crowther, A., Lucas, L., Helm, R., Horton, M., Shipton, C., Wright, H. T., ... & Boivin, N. L. (2016). Ancient crops provide first archaeological signature of the westward Austronesian expansion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(24), 6635–6640.

Curnoe, D., & Thorne, A. (2003). Number of ancestral human species: a molecular perspective. Homo, 53(3), 201–224.

d’Errico, F., Backwell, L., Villa, P., Degano, I., Lucejko, J. J., Bamford, M. K., ... & Beaumont, P. B. (2012). Early evidence of San material culture represented by organic artifacts from Border Cave, South Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(33), 13214–13219.

Daly, M., & Wilson, M. (2001). An assessment of some proposed exceptions to the phenomenon of nepotistic discrimination against stepchildren. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 38, 287–96.

Dannemann, M., & Kelso, J. (2017). The contribution of Neanderthals to phenotypic variation in modern humans. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 101(4), P578–589.

Davis, T., Hennes, E. P., & Raymond, L. (2018). Cultural evolution of normative motivations for sustainable behaviour. Nature Sustainability, 1, 218–224.

de Queiroz, K. (2007). Species concepts and species delimitation. Systematic Biology, 56(6), 879–886.

de Waal, F., & Lanting, F. (1997). Bonobo: The forgotten ape. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Deary, I. J. (2014). The stability of intelligence from childhood to old age. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(4), 239–245.

Deary, I. J., Whalley, L. J., Lemmon, H., Crawford, J. R., & Starr, J. M. (2000). The stability of individual differences in mental ability from childhood to old age: Follow-up of the 1932 Scottish Mental Survey. Intelligence, 28(1), 49–55.

Dediu, D. (2021). Tone and genes: New cross-linguistic data and methods support the weak negative effect of the “derived” allele of ASPM on tone, but not of Microcephalin. PLoS One, 16(6), e0253546.

Dediu, D., & Levinson, S. C. (2013). On the antiquity of language: the reinterpretation of Neandertal linguistic capacities and its consequences. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 397.

Dediu, D., & Levinson, S. C. (2018). Neanderthal language revisited: not only us. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 21, 49–55.

Deka, R., Jin, L., Shriver, M. D., Yu, L. M., DeCroo, S., Hundrieser, J., ... & Chakraborty, R. (1995). Population genetics of dinucleotide (dC-dA) n.(dG-dT) n polymorphisms in world populations. American Journal of Human Genetics, 56(2), 461–474.

den Hoed, M., Brage, S., Zhao, J. H., Westgate, K., Nessa, A., Ekelund, U., ... & Loos, R. J. (2013). Heritability of objectively assessed daily physical activity and sedentary behavior. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98(5), 1317–1325.

Dennell, R., & Roebroeks, W. (2005). An Asian perspective on early human dispersal from Africa. Nature, 438, 1099–1104.

DeSilva, J., Fannin, L., Cheney, I., Claxton, A., Ilieş, I., Kittelberger, J., Stibel, J., & Traniello, J. (2023). Human brains have shrunk: the questions are when and why. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 11, 1191274.

Ding, Y. C., Chi, H. C., Grady, D. L., Morishima, A., Kidd, J. R., Kidd, K. K., ... & Moyzis, R. K. (2002). Evidence of positive selection acting at the human dopamine receptor D4 gene locus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99(1), 309–314.

Dobson-Stone, C., Gatt, J. M., Kuan, S. A., Grieve, S. M., Gordon, E., Williams, L. M., & Schofield, P. R. (2007). Investigation of MCPH1 G37995C and ASPM A44871G polymorphisms and brain size in a healthy cohort. Neuroimage, 37(2), 394–400.

Doddi, N. M., & Eccles, R. (2011). The relationship between nasal index and nasal airway resistance, and response to a topical decongestant. Rhinology, 49(5), 583–586.

Dong, Z., Wang, Y., Li, C., Li, L., & Men, X. (2021). Mitochondrial DNA as a molecular marker in insect ecology: current status and future prospects. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 114(4), 470–476.

Drake, N. A., Blench, R. M., Armitage, S. J., Bristow, C. S., & White, K. H. (2011). Ancient watercourses and biogeography of the Sahara explain the peopling of the desert. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(2), 458–462.

Drummond-Clarke, R. C., Kivell, T. L., Sarringhaus, L., Stewart, F. A., Humle, T., & Piel, A. K. (2022). Wild chimpanzee behavior suggests that a savanna-mosaic habitat did not support the emergence of hominin terrestrial bipedalism. Science Advances, 8(50), eadd9752.

Dunbar, R. I. (1998). The Social Brain Hypothesis. Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Review, 6(5), 178–190.

Dunbar, R. I. (2009). The social brain hypothesis and its implications for social evolution. Annals of Human Biology, 36(5), 562–572.

Dunsworth, H. M. (2010). Origin of the genus Homo. Evolution: Education and Outreach, 3, 353–366.

Dunsworth, H. M., Warrener, A. G., Deacon, T., Ellison, P. T., & Pontzer, H. (2012). Metabolic hypothesis for human altriciality. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(38), 15212–15216.

Durvasula, A., & Sankararaman, S. (2020). Recovering signals of ghost archaic introgression in African populations. Science Advances, 6(7), eaax5097.

Dyola, N., Sigdel, S. R., Liang, E., Babst, F., Camarero, J. J., Aryal, S., ... & Peñuelas, J. (2022). Species richness is a strong driver of forest biomass along broad bioclimatic gradients in the Himalayas. Ecosphere, 13(6), e4107.

Edmands, S. (2007). Between a rock and a hard place: evaluating the relative risks of inbreeding and outbreeding for conservation and management. Molecular Ecology, 16(3), 463–475.

Eiberg, H., Troelsen, J., Nielsen, M., Mikkelsen, A., Mengel-From, J., Kjaer, K. W., & Hansen, L. (2008). Blue eye color in humans may be caused by a perfectly associated founder mutation in a regulatory element located within the HERC2 gene inhibiting OCA2 expression. Human Genetics, 123, 177–187.

Ekblom, R. (2000). Inbreeding avoidance through mate choice.

Ellis, E. C., Beusen, A. H., & Klein Goldewijk, K. (2020). Anthropogenic biomes: 10,000 BCE to 2015 CE. Land, 9(5), 129.

Estes, S., & Arnold, S. J. (2007). Resolving the paradox of stasis: models with stabilizing selection explain evolutionary divergence on all timescales. The American Naturalist, 169(2), 227–244.

Eswaran, V., Harpending, H., & Rogers, A. R. (2005). Genomics refutes an exclusively African origin of humans. Journal of Human Evolution, 49(1), 1–18.

Fadhlaoui-Zid, K., Haber, M., Martínez-Cruz, B., Zalloua, P., Benammar Elgaaied, A., & Comas, D. (2013). Genome-wide and paternal diversity reveal a recent origin of human populations in North Africa. PLoS One, 8(11), e80293.

Fan, S., Hansen, M. E., Lo, Y., & Tishkoff, S. A. (2016). Going global by adapting local: A review of recent human adaptation. Science, 354(6308), 54–59.

Fan, S., Kelly, D. E., Beltrame, M. H., Hansen, M. E., Mallick, S., Ranciaro, A., ... & Tishkoff, S. A. (2019). African evolutionary history inferred from whole genome sequence data of 44 indigenous African populations. Genome Biology, 20, 82.

Fan, S., Spence, J. P., Feng, Y., Hansen, M. E., Terhorst, J., Beltrame, M. H., ... & Tishkoff, S. A. (2023). Whole-genome sequencing reveals a complex African population demographic history and signatures of local adaptation. Cell, 186(5), 923–939.

Fernandes, V., Brucato, N., Ferreira, J. C., Pedro, N., Cavadas, B., Ricaut, F. X., Alshamali, F., & Pereira, L. (2019). Genome-wide characterization of Arabian Peninsula populations: shedding light on the history of a fundamental bridge between continents. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 36(3), 575–586.

Fernandes, V., Triska, P., Pereira, J. B., Alshamali, F., Rito, T., Machado, A., Fajkošová, Z., Cavadas, B., Černý, V., Soares, P., Richards, M. B., & Pereira, L. (2015). Genetic stratigraphy of key demographic events in Arabia. PLoS One, 10(3), e0118625.

Ferreira, T., & Rodriguez, S. (2024). Mitochondrial DNA: Inherent complexities relevant to genetic analyses. Genes, 15(5), 617.

Ferrer-Admetlla, A., Bosch, E., Sikora, M., Marques-Bonet, T., Ramírez-Soriano, A., Muntasell, A., ... & Casals, F. (2008). Balancing selection is the main force shaping the evolution of innate immunity genes. The Journal of Immunology, 181(2), 1315–1322.

Fleagle, J. G., Assefa, Z., Brown, F. H., & Shea, J. J. (2008). Paleoanthropology of the Kibish Formation, southern Ethiopia: introduction. Journal of Human Evolution, 55(3), 360–365.

Foster, F., & Collard, M. (2013). A reassessment of Bergmann's rule in modern humans. PLoS One, 8(8), e72269.

Francis, G., & Kirkegaard, E. O. W. (2023). Racial Differences in Sexuality: A Sex Worker Survey. Mankind Quarterly, 63(4), 675–698.

Frankham, R. (2005). Genetics and extinction. Biological Conservation, 126(2), 131–140.

Frenkel-Pinter, M., Petrov, A. S., Matange, K., Travisano, M., Glass, J. B., & Williams, L. D. (2022). Adaptation and exaptation: from small molecules to feathers. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 90, 166–175.

Frost, P. (1990). Fair women, dark men: The forgotten roots of colour prejudice. History of European Ideas, 12(5), 669–679.

Frost, P. (2008). The spread of alphabetical writing may have favored the latest variant of the ASPM gene. Medical Hypotheses, 70(1), 17–20.

Frost, P. (2014a). The puzzle of European hair, eye, and skin color. Advances in Anthropology, 4(2), 78–88.

Frost, P. (2014b). L.L. Cavalli-Sforza: A bird in a gilded cage. Open Behavioral Genetics.

Frost, P. (2019). The Original Industrial Revolution. Did Cold Winters Select for Cognitive Ability?. Psych, 1(1), 166–181.

Fu, Q., Mittnik, A., Johnson, P. L., Bos, K., Lari, M., Bollongino, R., ... & Krause, J. (2013). A revised timescale for human evolution based on ancient mitochondrial genomes. Current Biology, 23(7), 553–559.

Fuerst, J. (2015). The Nature of Race: the Genealogy of the Concept and the Biological Construct’s Contemporaneous Utility. Open Behavioral Genetics.

Fuku, N., Kumagai, H., & Ahmetov, I. I. (2019). Genetics of muscle fiber composition. In D., Barh & I. I., Ahmetov (Eds.), Sports, Exercise, and Nutritional Genomics: Current Status and Future Directions (pp. 295–314). Academic Press.

Funk, D. J., & Omland, K. E. (2003). Species-level paraphyly and polyphyly: frequency, causes, and consequences, with insights from animal mitochondrial DNA. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 34, 397–423.

Fuss, J., Spassov, N., Begun, D. R., & Böhme, M. (2017). Potential hominin affinities of Graecopithecus from the Late Miocene of Europe. PLoS One, 12(5), e0177127.

Gao, J., Davis, L. K., Hart, A. B., Sanchez-Roige, S., Han, L., Cacioppo, J. T., & Palmer, A. A. (2017). Genome-wide association study of loneliness demonstrates a role for common variation. Neuropsychopharmacology, 42, 811–821.

Gao, X., Peng, F., Fu, Q., & Li, F. (2017). New progress in understanding the origins of modern humans in China. Science China Earth Sciences, 60, 2160–2170.

Ge, J., Xing, S., Grün, R., Deng, C., Jiang, Y., Jiang, T., ... & Shao, Q. (2024). New Late Pleistocene age for the Homo sapiens skeleton from Liujiang southern China. Nature Communications, 15, 3611.

Getahun, D., Ananth, C. V., Selvam, N., & Demissie, K. (2005). Adverse perinatal outcomes among interracial couples in the United States. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 106(1), 81–88.

Gichoya, J. W., Banerjee, I., Bhimireddy, A. R., Burns, J. L., Celi, L. A., Chen, L. C., ... & Zhang, H. (2022). AI recognition of patient race in medical imaging: A modelling study. Lancet Digital Health 4(6), e406–e414.

Gielen, M., Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., Bouwman, F. G., Joosen, A. M. C. P., Vlietinck, R., Derom, C., ... & Westerterp, K. R. (2014). Heritability and genetic etiology of habitual physical activity: a twin study with objective measures. Genes & Nutrition, 9, 1–12.

Gifford-Gonzalez, D. (2000). Animal disease challenges to the emergence of pastoralism in sub-Saharan Africa. African Archaeological Review, 17, 95–139.

Gignac, G. E., & Bates, T. C. (2017). Brain volume and intelligence: The moderating role of intelligence measurement quality. Intelligence, 64, 18–29.

Gilmore, J. H., Lin, W., Prastawa, M. W., Looney, C. B., Vetsa, Y. S. K., Knickmeyer, R. C., Evans, D. D., Smith, J. K., Hamer, R. M., Lieberman, J. A., & Gerig, G. (2007). Regional gray matter growth, sexual dimorphism, and cerebral asymmetry in the neonatal brain. Journal of Neuroscience, 27(6), 1255–1260.

Glémin, S. (2003). How are deleterious mutations purged? Drift versus nonrandom mating. Evolution, 57(12), 2678–2687.

Gomez, F., Hirbo, J., & Tishkoff, S. A. (2014). Genetic variation and adaptation in Africa: implications for human evolution and disease. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 6(7), a008524.

Gomez-Mestre, I., & Jovani, R. (2013). A heuristic model on the role of plasticity in adaptive evolution: plasticity increases adaptation, population viability and genetic variation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 280(1771), 20131869.

Gómez-Robles, A., Nicolaou, C., Smaers, J. B., & Sherwood, C. C. (2024). The evolution of human altriciality and brain development in comparative context. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 8, 133–146.

Gonzaga, G. C., Haselton, M. G., Smurda, J., Davies, M. s., & Poore, J. C. (2008). Love, desire, and the suppression of thoughts of romantic alternatives. Evolution and Human Behavior, 29(2), 119–126.

Gonzalez, A. M., Brehm, A., Perez, J. A., Maca‐Meyer, N., Flores, C., & Cabrera, V. M. (2003). Mitochondrial DNA affinities at the Atlantic fringe of Europe. American Journal of Physical Anthropology: The Official Publication of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, 120(4), 391–404.

González, A. M., Larruga, J. M., Abu-Amero, K. K., Shi, Y., Pestano, J., & Cabrera, V. M. (2007). Mitochondrial lineage M1 traces an early human backflow to Africa. BMC Genomics, 8, 223.

Gould, S. J., & Vrba, E. S. (1982). Exaptation—a missing term in the science of form. Paleobiology, 8(1), 4–15.

Gowlett, J. A. (2016). The discovery of fire by humans: a long and convoluted process. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371, 20150164.

Grabowski, M., Kopperud, B. T., Tsuboi, M., & Hansen, T. F. (2023). Both diet and sociality affect primate brain-size evolution. Systematic Biology, 72(2), 404–418.

Graur, D., Zheng, Y., Price, N., Azevedo, R. B., Zufall, R. A., & Elhaik, E. (2013). On the immortality of television sets: “function” in the human genome according to the evolution-free gospel of ENCODE. Genome Biology and Evolution, 5(3), 578–590.

Grehan, J. R. (2006). Mona Lisa smile: the morphological enigma of human and great ape evolution. The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist: An Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists, 289(4), 139–157.

Grunstra, N. D. S., Betti, L., Fischer, B., Haeusler, M., Pavlicev, M., Stansfield, E., ... & Mitteroecker, P. (2023). There is an obstetrical dilemma: Misconceptions about the evolution of human childbirth and pelvic form. American Journal of Biological Anthropology, 181(4), 535–544.

Guidot, D. M., Wood, M., Poehlein, E., Palmer, S., & McElroy, L. (2025). Racial disparities in lung function by pulmonary function testing among lung transplant candidates and race-specific reference equations. JHLT Open, 8, 100252.

Guillén, A. K. Z., Barrett, G. M., & Takenaka, O. (2005). Genetic diversity among African great apes based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. Biodiversity & Conservation, 14, 2221–2233.

Guo, G., Fu, Y., Lee, H., Cai, T., Mullan Harris, K., & Li, Y. (2014). Genetic bio-ancestry and social construction of racial classification in social surveys in the contemporary United States. Demography, 51(1), 141–172.

Habel, J. C., & Schmitt, T. (2012). The burden of genetic diversity. Biological Conservation, 147(1), 270–274.

Haber, M., Mezzavilla, M., Bergström, A., Prado-Martinez, J., Hallast, P., Saif-Ali, R., ... & Tyler-Smith, C. (2016). Chad genetic diversity reveals an African history marked by multiple Holocene Eurasian migrations. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 99(6), 1316–1324.

Haeusler, M., Grunstra, N. D., Martin, R. D., Krenn, V. A., Fornai, C., & Webb, N. M. (2021). The obstetrical dilemma hypothesis: there’s life in the old dog yet. Biological Reviews, 96(5), 2031–2057.

Hagelberg, E. (2003). Recombination or mutation rate heterogeneity? Implications for Mitochondrial Eve. Trends in Genetics, 19(2), 84–90.

Haier, R. J., Colom, R., & Hunt, E. B. (2023). The science of human intelligence. Cambridge University Press.

Hammer, M. F., Woerner, A. E., Mendez, F. L., Watkins, J. C., & Wall, J. D. (2011). Genetic evidence for archaic admixture in Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(37), 15123–15128.

Harcourt-Smith, W. E. (2015). Origin of Bipedal Locomotion. In W., Henke, & I., Tattersall (Eds.), Handbook of Paleoanthropology (pp. 1919–1959). Berlin: Springer.

Harding, R. M., Healy, E., Ray, A. J., Ellis, N. S., Flanagan, N., Todd, C., ... & Rees, J. L. (2000). Evidence for variable selective pressures at MC1R. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 66(4), 1351–1361.

Harris, K., & Nielsen, R. (2016). The genetic cost of Neanderthal introgression. Genetics, 203(2), 881–891.

Hawks, J., Wang, E. T., Cochran, G. M., Harpending, H. C., & Moyzis, R. K. (2007). Recent acceleration of human adaptive evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(52), 20753–20758.

Heard, E., & Martienssen, R. A. (2014). Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: myths and mechanisms. Cell, 157(1), 95–109.

Hedrick, P. W., & Garcia-Dorado, A. (2016). Understanding inbreeding depression, purging, and genetic rescue. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 31(12), 940–952.

Heffernan, M. E., Chong, J. Y., & Fraley, R. C. (2019). Are people attracted to others who resemble their opposite-sex parents? An examination of mate preferences and parental ethnicity among biracial individuals. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10(7), 856–863.

Hellenthal, G., Busby, G. B., Band, G., Wilson, J. F., Capelli, C., Falush, D., & Myers, S. (2014). A genetic atlas of human admixture history. Science, 343(6172), 747–751.

Henn, B. M., Botigué, L. R., Gravel, S., Wang, W., Brisbin, A., Byrnes, J. K., Fadhlaoui-Zid, K., Zalloua, P. A., Moreno-Estrada, A., Bertranpetit, J., Bustamante, C. D., & Comas, D. (2012a). Genomic ancestry of North Africans supports back-to-Africa migrations. PLoS Genetics, 8(1), e1002397.

Henn, B. M., Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., & Feldman, M. W. (2012b). The great human expansion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(44), 17758-17764.

Henn, B. M., Gignoux, C. R., Feldman, M. W., & Mountain, J. L. (2009). Characterizing the time dependency of human mitochondrial DNA mutation rate estimates. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 26(1), 217–230.

Henrich, J., & Muthukrishna, M. (2021). The origins and psychology of human cooperation. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 207–240.

Henshilwood, C. S., d’Errico, F., Yates, R., Jacobs, Z., Tribolo, C., Duller, G. A., ... & Wintle, A. G. (2002). Emergence of modern human behavior: Middle Stone Age engravings from South Africa. Science, 295, 1278.

Herbenick, D., Reece, M., Schick, V., & Sanders, S. A. (2014). Erect penile length and circumference dimensions of 1,661 sexually active men in the United States. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 11(1), 93–101.

Herndon, J. G. (2010). The grandmother effect: implications for studies on aging and cognition. Gerontology, 56(1), 73–79.

Hershkovitz, I., Weber, G. W., Quam, R., Duval, M., Grün, R., Kinsley, L., ... & Weinstein-Evron, M. (2018). The earliest modern humans outside Africa. Science, 359(6374), 456–459.

Heupink, T. H., Subramanian, S., Wright, J. L., Endicott, P., Westaway, M. C., Huynen, L., ... & Lambert, D. M. (2016). Ancient mtDNA sequences from the First Australians revisited. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(25), 6892–6897.

Heyes, C. (2012). New thinking: the evolution of human cognition. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 367(1599), 2091–2096.

Hlubik, S., Berna, F., Feibel, C., Braun, D., & Harris, J. W. (2017). Researching the nature of fire at 1.5 Mya on the site of FxJj20 AB, Koobi Fora, Kenya, using high-resolution spatial analysis and FTIR spectrometry. Current Anthropology, 58(S16), S243–S257.

Hlusko, L. J., Carlson, J. P., Chaplin, G., Elias, S. A., Hoffecker, J. F., Huffman, M., ... & Scott, G. R. (2018). Environmental selection during the last ice age on the mother-to-infant transmission of vitamin D and fatty acids through breast milk. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(19), E4426–E4432.

Hobolth, A., Christensen, O. F., Mailund, T., & Schierup, M. H. (2007). Genomic relationships and speciation times of human, chimpanzee, and gorilla inferred from a coalescent hidden Markov model. PLoS Genetics, 3(2), e7.

Hodgson, J. A., Mulligan, C. J., Al-Meeri, A., & Raaum, R. L. (2014a). Early back-to-Africa migration into the Horn of Africa. PLoS Genetics, 10(6), e1004393.

Hodgson, J. A., Pickrell, J. K., Pearson, L. N., Quillen, E. E., Prista, A., Rocha, J., Soodyall, H., Shriver, M. D., & Perry, G. H. (2014b). Natural selection for the Duffy-null allele in the recently admixed people of Madagascar. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281(1789), 20140930.

Holt, R. D. (2009). Bringing the Hutchinsonian niche into the 21st century: ecological and evolutionary perspectives. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(supplement_2), 19659–19665.

Hou, B., & Wang, Y. (2021). Westermarck effect and imprinting. In T. K., Shackelford, & V. A., Weekes-Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science (pp. 8496–8498). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.

Hu, M. (2024). The Black-White SAT Score Gap Increases with Education Level. Mankind Quarterly, 64(4), 662–689.

Hu, M. (2025). Mixed evidence for Lynn’s developmental theory of sex differences using aptitude tests. OpenPsych. Under review.

Huang, S. (2025a). Examining models of modern human origins through the analysis of 43 fully sequenced human Y chromosomes. bioRxiv.

Huang, S. (2025). The Maximum Genetic Diversity Theory: A Comprehensive Framework for Understanding Evolutionary Processes. BioCosmos, 5(1), 41–61.

Hublin, J. J., Ben-Ncer, A., Bailey, S. E., Freidline, S. E., Neubauer, S., Skinner, M. M., ... & Gunz, P. (2017). New fossils from Jebel Irhoud, Morocco and the pan-African origin of Homo sapiens. Nature, 546(7657), 289–292.

Hughes, J. F., Skaletsky, H., Pyntikova, T., Graves, T. A., Van Daalen, S. K., Minx, P. J., ... & Page, D. C. (2010). Chimpanzee and human Y chromosomes are remarkably divergent in structure and gene content. Nature, 463(7280), 536–539.

Hur, Y. M., Bouchard Jr, T. J., & Lykken, D. T. (1998). Genetic and environmental influence on morningness–eveningness. Personality and Individual Differences, 25(5), 917–925.

Iasi, L. N., Chintalapati, M., Skov, L., Mesa, A. B., Hajdinjak, M., Peter, B. M., & Moorjani, P. (2024). Neanderthal ancestry through time: Insights from genomes of ancient and present-day humans. Science, 386(6727), eadq3010.

Isler, K., & Van Schaik, C. P. (2006). Metabolic costs of brain size evolution. Biology Letters, 2(4), 557–560.

Jablonski, N. G. (2021). The evolution of human skin pigmentation involved the interactions of genetic, environmental, and cultural variables. Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, 34(4), 707–729.

Jablonski, N. G., & Chaplin, G. (2000). The evolution of human skin coloration. Journal of Human Evolution, 39(1), 57–106.

Jablonski, N. G., & Chaplin, G. (2010). Human skin pigmentation as an adaptation to UV radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(supplement_2), 8962–8968.

Jansen, A. G., Mous, S. E., White, T., Posthuma, D., & Polderman, T. J. (2015). What twin studies tell us about the heritability of brain development, morphology, and function: a review. Neuropsychology Review, 25, 27–46.

Jeanson, N. T. (2016). On the Origin of Human Mitochondrial DNA Differences, New Generation Time Data Both Suggest a Unified Young-Earth Creation Model and Challenge the Evolutionary Out-of-Africa Model. Answers Research Journal, 9, 123–130.

Jensen, A. R. (1973). Educability and group differences. New York: Harper & Row.

Jensen, A. R. (1998). The g factor: The science of mental ability. Westport, CT: Prager.

Jeon, J., & Buss, D. M. (2007). Altruism towards cousins. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 274, 1181–1187.

Jeong, C., Nakagome, S., & Di Rienzo, A. (2016). Deep history of East Asian populations revealed through genetic analysis of the Ainu. Genetics, 202(1), 261–272.

Jetz, W., & Fine, P. V. (2012). Global gradients in vertebrate diversity predicted by historical area-productivity dynamics and contemporary environment. PLoS Biology, 10(3), e1001292.

Jinam, T. A., Phipps, M. E., Aghakhanian, F., Majumder, P. P., Datar, F., Stoneking, M., ... & Saitou, N. (2017). Discerning the origins of the Negritos, first Sundaland people: deep divergence and archaic admixture. Genome Biology and Evolution, 9(8), 2013–2022.

Juric, I., Aeschbacher, S., & Coop, G. (2016). The strength of selection against Neanderthal introgression. PLoS Genetics, 12(11), e1006340.

Kamberov, Y. G., Wang, S., Tan, J., Gerbault, P., Wark, A., Tan, L., ... & Sabeti, P. C. (2013). Modeling recent human evolution in mice by expression of a selected EDAR variant. Cell, 152(4), 691–702.

Katz, D. C., Grote, M. N., & Weaver, T. D. (2017). Changes in human skull morphology across the agricultural transition are consistent with softer diets in preindustrial farming groups. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(34), 9050–9055.

Keller, L. F., & Waller, D. M. (2002). Inbreeding effects in wild populations. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 17(5), 230–241.

Kelly, D. J., Quinn, P. C., Slater, A. M., Lee, K., Gibson, A., Smith, M., Liezhong, G., Pascalis, O. (2005). Three-month-olds, but not newborns, prefer own-race faces. Developmental Science, 8(6), F31–F36.

Khan, Y. T., Tsompanidis, A., Radecki, M. A., Dorfschmidt, L., Austin, T., Suckling, J., ... & Baron-Cohen, S. (2024). Sex Differences in Human Brain Structure at Birth. Biology of Sex Differences, 15, 81.

Kirk, M. (2024). Genetic drift and founder effects: Implications for population genetics, conservation, and human health. Genetics and Molecular Research, 23(2), gmr34057.

Kirkegaard, E. O. W. (2021). Genetic ancestry and social race are nearly interchangeable. OpenPsych.

Kirkegaard, E. O. W., & Carl, N. (2022). Smart Fraction Theory: A Comprehensive Re-evaluation. Comparative Sociology, 21(6), 677–699.

Kirkegaard, E. O. W., & Fuerst, J. G. R. (2023). A Multimodal MRI-based Predictor of Intelligence and Its Relation to Race/Ethnicity. Mankind Quarterly, 63(3), 374–397.

Kivell, T. L., & Schmitt, D. (2009). Independent evolution of knuckle-walking in African apes shows that humans did not evolve from a knuckle-walking ancestor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(34), 14241–14246.

Kassen, R. (2002). The experimental evolution of specialists, generalists, and the maintenance of diversity. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 15(2), 173–190.

Klein, J., & Takahata, N. (2002). Where do we come from?: The molecular evidence for human descent. Berlin: Springer.

Knickmeyer, R. C., Gouttard, S., Kang, C., Evans, D., Wilber, K., Smith, J. K., ... & Gilmore, J. H. (2008). A structural MRI study of human brain development from birth to 2 years. Journal of Neuroscience, 28(47), 12176–12182.

Krems, J. A., Claessens, S., Fales, M. R., Campenni, M., Haselton, M. G., & Aktipis, A. (2021). An agent-based model of the female rivalry hypothesis for concealed ovulation in humans. Nature Human Behaviour, 5(6), 726–735.

Krupp, D. B., Debruine, L. M., & Barclay, P. (2008). A cue of kinship promotes cooperation for the public good. Evolution and Human Behavior, 29(1), 49–55.

Krupp, D. B., DeBruine, L. M., & Jones, B.C. (2011). Cooperation and conflict in the light of kin recognition systems. In C. A., Salmon, & T. K., Shackelford (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of evolutionary family psychology (pp. 345–362). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Kuliukas, A. V. (2002). Wading for food the driving force of the evolution of bipedalism?. Nutrition and Health, 16(4), 267–289.

Kuliukas, A. V. (2012). Langdon’s Critique of the Aquatic Ape Hypothesis: It’s Final Refutation, or Just Another Misunderstanding?. In M., Vaneechoutte, A. V., Kuliukas, & M., Verhaegen (Eds.), Was Man More Aquatic in the Past? Fifty Years After Alister Hardy: Waterside Hypotheses of Human Evolution (pp. 213–225). Bentham Science Publishers.

Kuliukas, A. V. (2014). Removing the “hermetic seal” from the aquatic ape hypothesis: Waterside hypotheses of human evolution. Advances in Anthropology, 4, 164–167.

Kurki, H. K. (2013). Bony pelvic canal size and shape in relation to body proportionality in humans. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 151(1), 88–101.

Kwiatkowski, D. P. (2005). How malaria has affected the human genome and what human genetics can teach us about malaria. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 77(2), 171–192.

Laland, K., Matthews, B., & Feldman, M. W. (2016). An introduction to niche construction theory. Evolutionary Ecology, 30, 191–202.

Laland, K. N., Uller, T., Feldman, M. W., Sterelny, K., Müller, G. B., Moczek, A., ... & Odling-Smee, J. (2015). The extended evolutionary synthesis: its structure, assumptions and predictions. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 282, 20151019.

Lao, O., Lu, T. T., Nothnagel, M., Junge, O., Freitag-Wolf, S., Caliebe, A., ... & Kayser, M. (2008). Correlation between genetic and geographic structure in Europe. Current Biology, 18(16), P1241–1248.

Lane, C. S., Chorn, B. T., & Johnson, T. C. (2013). Ash from the Toba supereruption in Lake Malawi shows no volcanic winter in East Africa at 75 ka. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(20), 8025–8029.

Lazaridis, I., Alpaslan-Roodenberg, S., Acar, A., Açıkkol, A., Agelarakis, A., Aghikyan, L., ... & Ruka, R. (2022). The genetic history of the Southern Arc: A bridge between West Asia and Europe. Science, 377(6609), eabm4247.

Lazaridis, I., Mittnik, A., Patterson, N., Mallick, S., Rohland, N., Pfrengle, S., ... & Stamatoyannopoulos, G. (2017). Genetic origins of the Minoans and Mycenaeans. Nature, 548(7666), 214–218.

Ledogar, J. A., Dechow, P. C., Wang, Q., Gharpure, P. H., Gordon, A. D., Baab, K. L., ... & Strait, D. S. (2016). Human feeding biomechanics: performance, variation, and functional constraints. PeerJ, 4, e2242.

Leinonen, T., McCairns, R. S., O’hara, R. B., & Merilä, J. (2013). Q ST–F ST comparisons: evolutionary and ecological insights from genomic heterogeneity. Nature Reviews Genetics, 14(3), 179–190.

Lewin, R. (1993). The origin of modern humans. New York: Scientific American Library.

Li, S., Jovelin, R., Yoshiga, T., Tanaka, R., & Cutter, A. D. (2014). Specialist versus generalist life histories and nucleotide diversity in Caenorhabditis nematodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132858.

Li, Y. C., Gao, Z. L., Liu, K. J., Tian, J. Y., Yang, B. Y., Rahman, Z. U., ... & Kong, Q. P. (2023). Mitogenome evidence shows two radiation events and dispersals of matrilineal ancestry from northern coastal China to the Americas and Japan. Cell Reports, 42(5).

Lieberman, D. E. (2011). The evolution of the human head. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.

Lin, M., Siford, R. L., Martin, A. R., Nakagome, S., Möller, M., Hoal, E. G., Bustamante, C. D., Gignoux, C. R., & Henn, B. M. (2018). Rapid evolution of a skin-lightening allele in southern African KhoeSan. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(52), 13324–13329.

Littlefield, C. H., & Rushton, J. P. (1986). When a child dies: The sociobiology of bereavement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(4), 797–802.

Liu, W., & Wu, X. (2022). Morphological diversities of the late-Middle and Late Pleistocene human fossils in China. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 41(4), 563–575.

Long, J. C. (2009). Update to Long and Kittles’s “human genetic diversity and the nonexistence of biological races” (2003): fixation on an index. Human Biology, 81(5), 799–803.

Longman, D. P., Wells, J. C., & Stock, J. T. (2020). Human athletic paleobiology; using sport as a model to investigate human evolutionary adaptation. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 171(S70), 42–59.

Lukas, D., & Clutton-Brock, T. H. (2013). The evolution of social monogamy in mammals. Science, 341(6145), 526–530.

Luo, S., Valencia, C. A., Zhang, J., Lee, N. C., Slone, J., Gui, B., ... & Huang, T. (2018). Biparental inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(51), 13039–13044.

Lüpold, S., de Boer, R. A., Evans, J. P., Tomkins, J. L., & Fitzpatrick, J. L. (2020). How sperm competition shapes the evolution of testes and sperm: a meta-analysis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 375(1813), 20200064.

Luzzatto, L. (2012). Sickle cell anaemia and malaria. Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, 4(1), e2012065.

Lyall, A. E., Shi, F., Geng, X., Woolson, S., Li, G., Wang, L., Hamer, R. M., Shen, D., & Gilmore, J. H. (2015). Dynamic development of regional cortical thickness and surface area in early childhood. Cerebral Cortex, 25(8), 2204–2212.

Lynch, M. (2016). Mutation and human exceptionalism: our future genetic load. Genetics, 202(3), 869–875.

Lynn, R. (2006). Race differences in intelligence: an evolutionary analysis. Washington Summit Publishers.

Lynn, R. (2013). Rushton’s r–K life history theory of race differences in penis length and circumference examined in 113 populations. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(3), 261–266.

Lynn, R. (2019). Race differences in psychopathic personality: An evolutionary analysis. Washington Summit Publishing.

Lynn, R., & Becker, D. (2019). The intelligence of nations. London, UK: Ulster Institute for Social Research.

Maddux, S. D., Butaric, L. N., Yokley, T. R., & Franciscus, R. G. (2017). Ecogeographic variation across morphofunctional units of the human nose. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 162(1), 103–119.

Madison, G. (2021). Parental Effort Versus Mating Effort. In T. K., Shackelford, & V. A., Weekes-Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science (pp. 5701–5704). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.

Magadum, S., Banerjee, U., Murugan, P., Gangapur, D., & Ravikesavan, R. (2013). Gene duplication as a major force in evolution. Journal of Genetics, 92, 155–161.

Magalhães, J. R. (1997). Africans, Indians, and Slavery in Portugal. Portuguese Studies, 13, 143–151.

Malaspinas, A. S., Westaway, M. C., Muller, C., Sousa, V. C., Lao, O., Alves, I., ... & Willerslev, E. (2016). A genomic history of Aboriginal Australia. Nature, 538, 207–214.

Manning, J. T., & Fink, B. (2021). Digit Ratio. In T. K., Shackelford, & V. A., Weekes-Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science (pp. 2009–2016). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.

Manning, J. T., Fink, B., & Trivers, R. (2021). The Biology of Human Gender. In T. K., Shackelford, & V. A., Weekes-Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science (pp. 586–589). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.

Manning, J. T., Churchill, A. J., & Peters, M. (2007). The effects of sex, ethnicity, and sexual orientation on self-measured digit ratio (2D: 4D). Archives of Sexual Behavior, 36, 223–233.

Manning, J. T., Stewart, A., Bundred, P. E., & Trivers, R. (2004). Sex and ethnic differences in 2nd to 4th digit ratio of children. Early Human Development, 80(2), 161–168.

Mansfield, F. A., & Vaneechoutte, M. (2024). Current evidence indicates a Eurasian origin for the Last Common Ancestor of African apes and humans, and supports a new hypothesis suggesting that the Zanclean Megaflood (5.3 Ma) may have played a role in the ultimate divergence of Pan and Homo. Ideas in Ecology and Evolution, 17, 1–21.

Manuck, T. A. (2017). Racial and ethnic differences in preterm birth: a complex, multifactorial problem. Seminars in Perinatology, 41(8), 511–518.

Mao, X., Zhang, H., Qiao, S., Liu, Y., Chang, F., Xie, P., ... & Fu, Q. (2021). The deep population history of northern East Asia from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene. Cell, 184(12), 3256–3266.

Marcinkowska, U. M., & Rantala, M. J. (2012). Sexual imprinting on facial traits of opposite-sex parents in humans. Evolutionary Psychology, 10(3), 621–630.

McBrearty, S., & Brooks, A. S. (2000). The revolution that wasn’t: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behavior. Journal of Human Evolution, 39(5), 453–563.

McGrath, C. L., Gout, J. F., Johri, P., Doak, T. G., & Lynch, M. (2014). Differential retention and divergent resolution of duplicate genes following whole-genome duplication. Genome Research, 24(10), 1665–1675.

Melo-Ferreira, J., Vilela, J., Fonseca, M. M., da Fonseca, R. R., Boursot, P., & Alves, P. C. (2014). The elusive nature of adaptive mitochondrial DNA evolution of an arctic lineage prone to frequent introgression. Genome Biology and Evolution, 6(4), 886–896.

Mercy, J. A., & Saltzman, L. E. (1989). Fatal violence among spouses in the United States, 1976-85. American Journal of Public Health, 79(5), 595–599.

Mersha, T. B., & Abebe, T. (2015). Self-reported race/ethnicity in the age of genomic research: its potential impact on understanding health disparities. Human Genomics, 9(1).

Messerschmidt, D. M., Knowles, B. B., & Solter, D. (2014). DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos. Genes & Development, 28(8), 812–828.

Miller, E. M. (1994). Paternal provisioning versus mate seeking in human populations. Personality and Individual Differences, 17(2), 227–255.

Mitteroecker, P., & Fischer, B. (2024). Evolution of the human birth canal. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 230(3), S841–S855.

Morez Jacobs, A., Irish, J. D., Cooke, A., Anastasiadou, K., Barrington, C., Gilardet, A., ... & Girdland-Flink, L. (2025). Whole-genome ancestry of an Old Kingdom Egyptian. Nature, 1–8.

Morwood, M. J., O’Sullivan, P. B., Aziz, F., & Raza, A. (1998). Fission-track ages of stone tools and fossils on the east Indonesian island of Flores. Nature, 392, 173–176.

Mounier, A., Condemi, S., & Manzi, G. (2011). The stem species of our species: a place for the archaic human cranium from Ceprano, Italy. PLoS One, 6(4), e18821.

Moyà-Solà, S., Köhler, M., & Rook, L. (1999). Evidence of hominid-like precision grip capability in the hand of the Miocene ape Oreopithecus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 96(1), 313–317.

Moyà-Solà, S., Köhler, M., & Rook, L. (2005). The Oreopithecus thumb: a strange case in hominoid evolution. Journal of Human Evolution, 49(3), 395–404.

Murray, C. (2003). Human accomplishment: The pursuit of excellence in the arts and sciences, 800 BC to 1950. New York: HarperCollins.

Murray, C. (2021). Facing Reality: Two Truths about Race in America. Encounter Books.

Nair, P. (2014). QnAs with Fred Gage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(36), 12958–12959.

Navarrete, A., Van Schaik, C. P., & Isler, K. (2011). Energetics and the evolution of human brain size. Nature, 480, 91–93.

Neubauer, S., Hublin, J. J., & Gunz, P. (2018). The evolution of modern human brain shape. Science Advances, 4(1), eaao5961.

Ni, X., Ji, Q., Wu, W., Shao, Q., Ji, Y., Zhang, C., Liang, L., Ge, J., Guo, Z., Li, J., Li, Q., Grün, R., & Stringer, C. (2021). Massive cranium from Harbin in northeastern China establishes a new Middle Pleistocene human lineage. The Innovation, 2(3).

Niemitz, C. (2010). The evolution of the upright posture and gait—a review and a new synthesis. Naturwissenschaften, 97, 241–263.

Novembre, J., Johnson, T., Bryc, K., Kutalik, Z., Boyko, A. R., Auton, A., Indap, A., King, K. S., Bergmann, S., Nelson, M. R., Stephens, M., & Bustamante, C. D. (2008). Genes mirror geography within Europe. Nature, 456(7218), 98–101.

Nyland, Edo (2001). Linguistic Archaeology: An Introduction. Trafford Publishing.

O’connell, J. F., Allen, J., Williams, M. A., Williams, A. N., Turney, C. S., Spooner, N. A., Kamminga, J., Brown, G., & Cooper, A. (2018). When did Homo sapiens first reach Southeast Asia and Sahul?. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(34), 8482–8490.

O’Sullivan, B. P., & Freedman, S. D. (2009) Cystic fibrosis. The Lancet, 373(9678), P1891–1904.

O’Sullivan, P. B., Morwood, M., Hobbs, D., Suminto, F. A., Situmorang, M., Raza, A., & Maas, R. (2001). Archaeological implications of the geology and chronology of the Soa basin, Flores, Indonesia. Geology, 29(7), 607–610.

Olivieri, A., Achilli, A., Pala, M., Battaglia, V., Fornarino, S., Al-Zahery, N., ... & Torroni, A. (2006). The mtDNA legacy of the Levantine early Upper Palaeolithic in Africa. Science, 314(5806), 1767–1770.

Olson, M. V. (1999). When less is more: gene loss as an engine of evolutionary change. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 64(1), 18–23.

Orr, H. A. (1998). The population genetics of adaptation: the distribution of factors fixed during adaptive evolution. Evolution, 52(4), 935–949.

Otto, S. P., & Lenormand, T. (2002). Resolving the paradox of sex and recombination. Nature Reviews Genetics, 3, 252–261.

Pagani, L., Kivisild, T., Tarekegn, A., Ekong, R., Plaster, C., Romero, I. G., ... & Tyler-Smith, C. (2012). Ethiopian genetic diversity reveals linguistic stratification and complex influences on the Ethiopian gene pool. The American journal of Human Genetics, 91(1), 83–96.

Pagani, L., Schiffels, S., Gurdasani, D., Danecek, P., Scally, A., Chen, Y., ... & Tyler-Smith, C. (2015). Tracing the route of modern humans out of Africa by using 225 human genome sequences from Ethiopians and Egyptians. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 96(6), 986–991.

Parra, L., & Kirkegaard, E. O. W. (2025). National IQs: measurement and defense. OpenPsych. (under review)

Pasinelli, G. (2022). Genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure support the specialist-generalist variation hypothesis in two sympatric woodpecker species. Conservation Genetics, 23, 821–837.

Patterson, N., Richter, D. J., Gnerre, S., Lander, E. S., & Reich, D. (2006). Genetic evidence for complex speciation of humans and chimpanzees. Nature, 441, 1103–1108.

Peek, P. M., & Yankah, K. (2004). African folklore: An encyclopedia. New York: Routledge.

Pennarun, E., Kivisild, T., Metspalu, E., Metspalu, M., Reisberg, T., Moisan, J. P., ... & Villems, R. (2012). Divorcing the Late Upper Palaeolithic demographic histories of mtDNA haplogroups M1 and U6 in Africa. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 12, 234.

Pereira, V., Gomes, V., Amorim, A., Gusmão, L., & João Prata, M. (2010). Genetic characterization of uniparental lineages in populations from Southwest Iberia with past malaria endemicity. American Journal of Human Biology, 22(5), 588–595.

Pesta, B. J., Kirkegaard, E. O., te Nijenhuis, J., Lasker, J., & Fuerst, J. G. (2020). Racial and ethnic group differences in the heritability of intelligence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Intelligence, 78, 101408.

Pickrell, J. K., Patterson, N., Loh, P. R., Lipson, M., Berger, B., Stoneking, M., ... & Reich, D. (2014). Ancient west Eurasian ancestry in southern and eastern Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(7), 2632–2637.

Piel, F. B., Patil, A. P., Howes, R. E., Nyangiri, O. A., Gething, P. W., Williams, T. N., Weatherall, D. J., & Hay, S. I. (2010). Global distribution of the sickle cell gene and geographical confirmation of the malaria hypothesis. Nature Communications, 1, 104.

Pierron, D., Cortés, N. G., Letellier, T., & Grossman, L. I. (2013). Current relaxation of selection on the human genome: tolerance of deleterious mutations on olfactory receptors. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 66(2), 558–564.

Pierron, D., Heiske, M., Razafindrazaka, H., Rakoto, I., Rabetokotany, N., Ravololomanga, B., ... & Letellier, T. (2017). Genomic landscape of human diversity across Madagascar. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(32), E6498–E6506.

Piffer, D. (2013). Correlation of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism with latitude and a hunter-gather lifestyle suggests culture–gene coevolution and selective pressure on cognition genes due to climate. Anthropological Science, 121(3), 161–171.

Piffer, D., & Kirkegaard, E. O. (2024). Polygenic selection and environmental influence on adult body height: Genetic and living standard contributions across diverse populations. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 27(6), 265–282.

Plavcan, J. M. (2018). Sexual dimorphism in hominin ancestors. In H., Callan (Ed.), The international encyclopedia of anthropology (pp. 1–6). Wiley.

Pollet, T. V., Nelissen, M., & Nettle, D. (2009). Lineage based differences in grandparental investment: evidence from a large British cohort study. Journal of Biosocial Science, 41(3), 355–379.

Pollet, T. V., Nettle, D., & Nelissen, M. (2007). Maternal grandmothers do go the extra mile: Factoring distance and lineage into differential contact with grandchildren. Evolutionary Psychology, 5(4), 832–843.

Poloni, E. S., Semino, O., Passarino, G., Santachiara-Benerecetti, A. S., Dupanloup, I., Langaney, A., & Excoffier, L. (1997). Human genetic affinities for Y-chromosome P49a, f/TaqI haplotypes show strong correspondence with linguistics. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 61(5), 1015–1035.

Posth, C., Renaud, G., Mittnik, A., Drucker, D. G., Rougier, H., Cupillard, C., ... & Krause, J. (2016). Pleistocene mitochondrial genomes suggest a single major dispersal of non-Africans and a Late Glacial population turnover in Europe. Current Biology, 26(6), 827–833.

Posth, C., Wißing, C., Kitagawa, K., Pagani, L., Van Holstein, L., Racimo, F., Wehrberger, K., Conard, N. J., Kind, C. J., Bocherens, H., & Krause, J. (2017). Deeply divergent archaic mitochondrial genome provides lower time boundary for African gene flow into Neanderthals. Nature Communications, 8, 16046.

Poznik, G. D., Xue, Y., Mendez, F. L., Willems, T. F., Massaia, A., Wilson Sayres, M. A., ... & Tyler-Smith, C. (2016). Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences. Nature Genetics, 48, 593–599.

Pratt, T. C., Turanovic, J. J., & Cullen, F. T. (2016). Revisiting the criminological consequences of exposure to fetal testosterone: A meta‐analysis of the 2D: 4D digit ratio. Criminology, 54(4), 587–620.

Prendergast, M. E., Rouby, H., Punnwong, P., Marchant, R., Crowther, A., Kourampas, N., ... & Boivin, N. L. (2016). Continental island formation and the archaeology of defaunation on Zanzibar, eastern Africa. PLoS One, 11(2), e0149565.

Pritchard, J. K., Pickrell, J. K., & Coop, G. (2010). The genetics of human adaptation: hard sweeps, soft sweeps, and polygenic adaptation. Current Biology, 20(4), R208–R215.

Racimo, F., Marnetto, D., & Huerta-Sánchez, E. (2017). Signatures of archaic adaptive introgression in present-day human populations. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 34(2), 296–317.

Racimo, F., Sankararaman, S., Nielsen, R., & Huerta-Sánchez, E. (2015). Evidence for archaic adaptive introgression in humans. Nature Reviews Genetics, 16(6), 359–371.

Ragsdale, A. P., Weaver, T. D., Atkinson, E. G., Hoal, E. G., Möller, M., Henn, B. M., & Gravel, S. (2023). A weakly structured stem for human origins in Africa. Nature, 617, 755–763.

Rajkumar, R., Banerjee, J., Gunturi, H. B., Trivedi, R., & Kashyap, V. K. (2005). Phylogeny and antiquity of M macrohaplogroup inferred from complete mtDNA sequence of Indian specific lineages. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 5, 26.

Rebbeck, T. R. (2018). Prostate cancer disparities by race and ethnicity: from nucleotide to neighborhood. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 8(9), a030387.

Reilly, P. F., Tjahjadi, A., Miller, S. L., Akey, J. M., & Tucci, S. (2022). The contribution of Neanderthal introgression to modern human traits. Current Biology, 32(18), R970–R983.

Relethford, J. H. (2008). Genetic evidence and the modern human origins debate. Heredity, 100, 555–563.

Richards, G., Aydin, E., Tsompanidis, A., Padaigaitė, E., Austin, T., Allison, C., Holt, R., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2022). Digit ratio (2D: 4D) and maternal testosterone-to-estradiol ratio measured in early pregnancy. Scientific Reports, 12, 13586.

Rieux, A., Eriksson, A., Li, M., Sobkowiak, B., Weinert, L. A., Warmuth, V., Ruiz-Linares, A., Manica, A., & Balloux, F. (2014). Improved calibration of the human mitochondrial clock using ancient genomes. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 31(10), 2780–2792.

Rindermann, H. (2007). The g-factor of international cognitive ability comparisons: The homogeneity of results in PISA, TIMSS, PIRLS and IQ tests across nations. European Journal of Personality, 21, 667–706.

Robinson, J., Kyriazis, C. C., Yuan, S. C., & Lohmueller, K. E. (2023). Deleterious variation in natural populations and implications for conservation genetics. Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, 11, 93–114.

Roca-Ayats, N., Maceda, I., Bruque, C. D., Martínez-Gil, N., Garcia-Giralt, N., Cozar, M., ... & Balcells, S. (2024). Evolutionary and functional analyses of LRP5 in archaic and extant modern humans. Human Genomics, 18, 53.

Roca-Rada, X., Davidson, R., Williams, M. P., Ravishankar, S., Collen, E., Haarkötter, C., ... & Teixeira, J. C. (2024). The genetic history of Portugal over the past 5,000 years. bioRxiv.

Rodrı́guez-Gironés, M. A., & Enquist, M. (2001). The evolution of female sexuality. Animal Behaviour, 61(4), 695–704.

Romiguier, J., Gayral, P., Ballenghien, M., Bernard, A., Cahais, V., Chenuil, A., ... & Galtier, N. (2014). Comparative population genomics in animals uncovers the determinants of genetic diversity. Nature, 515, 261–263.

Rosas, A., Martínez-Maza, C., Bastir, M., García-Tabernero, A., Lalueza-Fox, C., Huguet, R., ... & Fortea, J. (2006). Paleobiology and comparative morphology of a late Neandertal sample from El Sidrón, Asturias, Spain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(51), 19266–19271.

Rushton, J. P. (1989). Genetic similarity, human altruism, and group selection. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12(3), 503–559.

Rushton, J. P. (1997). Race, evolution and behavior: A life history perspective. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.

Rushton, J. P. (2005). Ethnic nepotism, evolutionary psychology, and genetic similarity theory. Nations and Nationalism, 11(4), 489–507.

Rushton, J. P. (2009). Inclusive fitness in human relationships. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 96, 8–12.

Rushton, J. P., & Bogaert, A. F. (1987). Race differences in sexual behavior: Testing an evolutionary hypothesis. Journal of Research in Personality, 21(4), 529–551.

Rushton, J. P., & Bons, T. A. (2005). Mate choice and friendship in twins: evidence for genetic similarity. Psychological Science, 16(7), 555–559.

Rushton, J. P., & Jensen, A. R. (2010). Race and IQ: A theory-based review of the research in Richard Nisbett’s intelligence and how to get it. The Open Psychology Journal, 3, 9–35.

Rushton, J. P., & Rushton, E. W. (2003). Brain size, IQ, and racial-group differences: Evidence from musculoskeletal traits. Intelligence, 31(2), 139–155.

Rushton, J. P., & Russell, J. H. (1985). Genetic similarity theory: A reply to Mealey and new evidence. Behavior Genetics, 15, 575–582.

Rushton, J. P., Vernon, P. A., & Bons, T. A. (2007). No evidence that polymorphisms of brain regulator genes Microcephalin and ASPM are associated with general mental ability, head circumference or altruism. Biology Letters, 3(2), 157–160.

Ryan, T. M., & Shaw, C. N. (2015). Gracility of the modern Homo sapiens skeleton is the result of decreased biomechanical loading. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(2), 372–377.

Saladié, P., & Rodríguez-Hidalgo, A. (2017). Archaeological evidence for cannibalism in prehistoric Western Europe: from Homo antecessor to the Bronze Age. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 24, 1034–1071.

Salter, F. (2007). On genetic interests: Family, ethnicity, and humanity in an age of mass migration. Transaction Publishers.

Sankararaman, S., Mallick, S., Dannemann, M., Prüfer, K., Kelso, J., Pääbo, S., Patterson, N., & Reich, D. (2014). The genomic landscape of Neanderthal ancestry in present-day humans. Nature, 507, 354–357.

Sankararaman, S., Mallick, S., Patterson, N., & Reich, D. (2016). The combined landscape of Denisovan and Neanderthal ancestry in present-day humans. Current Biology, 26(9), 1241–1247.

Sarich, V., & Miele, F. (2004). Race, the reality of human differences. Boulder: Westview Press.

Scerri, E. M., Thomas, M. G., Manica, A., Gunz, P., Stock, J. T., Stringer, C., ... & Chikhi, L. (2018). Did our species evolve in subdivided populations across Africa, and why does it matter?. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 33(8), P582–594.

Scheinfeldt, L. B., Soi, S., Lambert, C., Ko, W. Y., Coulibaly, A., Ranciaro, A., ... & Tishkoff, S. A. (2019). Genomic evidence for shared common ancestry of East African hunting-gathering populations and insights into local adaptation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(10), 4166–4175.

Schillaci, M. A. (2006). Sexual selection and the evolution of brain size in primates. PLoS One, 1(1), e62.

Schlebusch, C. M., Malmström, H., Günther, T., Sjödin, P., Coutinho, A., Edlund, H., ... & Jakobsson, M. (2017). Southern African ancient genomes estimate modern human divergence to 350,000 to 260,000 years ago. Science, 358(6363), 652–655.

Schlebusch, C. M., Skoglund, P., Sjödin, P., Gattepaille, L. M., Hernandez, D., Jay, F., ... & Jakobsson, M. (2012). Genomic variation in seven Khoe-San groups reveals adaptation and complex African history. Science, 338(6105), 374–379.

Schnitzer, P. G., & Ewigman, B. G. (2005). Child deaths resulting from inflicted injuries: household risk factors and perpetrator characteristics. Pediatrics, 116(5), e687–e693.

Schuenemann, V. J., Peltzer, A., Welte, B., Van Pelt, W. P., Molak, M., Wang, C. C., ... & Krause, J. (2017). Ancient Egyptian mummy genomes suggest an increase of Sub-Saharan African ancestry in post-Roman periods. Nature Communications, 8, 15694.

Schwartz, J. H. (1999). Sudden Origins: Fossils, Genes, and the Emergence of Species. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Schwartz, J. H. (2005). The red ape: Orangutans and human origins. Westview Press.

Sear, R., & Mace, R. (2008). Who keeps children alive? A review of the effects of kin on child survival. Evolution and Human Behavior, 29(1), 1–18.

Segal, N. L. 1999. Entwined Lives: Twins and What They Tell Us About Human Behavior. New York: Dutton.

Segal, N. L., Sussman, L. J., Marelich, W. D., Mearns, J., & Blozis, S. A. (2002). Monozygotic and dizygotic twins’ retrospective and current bereavement-related behaviors: An evolutionary perspective. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 5(3), 188–195.

Sekajova, Z., Fossen, E. I., Rosa, E., Ratikainen, I. I., Tourniaire-Blum, M., Bolund, E., & Lind, M. I. (2023). Evolution of phenotypic plasticity during environmental fluctuations. bioRxiv.

Seo, D., Patrick, C. J., & Kennealy, P. J. (2008). Role of serotonin and dopamine system interactions in the neurobiology of impulsive aggression and its comorbidity with other clinical disorders. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 13(5), 383–395.

Sesardic, N. (2010). Race: a social destruction of a biological concept. Biology & Philosophy, 25, 143–162.

Sevim-Erol, A., Begun, D. R., Yavuz, A., Tarhan, E., Sözer, Ç. S., Mayda, S., van den Hoek Ostende, L. W., Martin, R. M. G., & Alçiçek, M. C. (2023). A new ape from Türkiye and the radiation of late Miocene hominines. Communications Biology, 6(1), 842.

Shultz, S., & Dunbar, R. I. (2007). The evolution of the social brain: anthropoid primates contrast with other vertebrates. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 274, 2429–2436.

Sikora, M., Pitulko, V. V., Sousa, V. C., Allentoft, M. E., Vinner, L., Rasmussen, S., ... & Willerslev, E. (2019). The population history of northeastern Siberia since the Pleistocene. Nature, 570(7760), 182–188.

Skinner, M. K. (2014). Environmental stress and epigenetic transgenerational inheritance. BMC Medicine, 12(153), 1–5.

Skinner, M. K. (2015). Environmental epigenetics and a unified theory of the molecular aspects of evolution: a neo-Lamarckian concept that facilitates neo-Darwinian evolution. Genome Biology and Evolution, 7(5), 1296–1302.

Skoglund, P., Thompson, J. C., Prendergast, M. E., Mittnik, A., Sirak, K., Hajdinjak, M., ... & Reich, D. (2017). Reconstructing prehistoric African population structure. Cell, 171(1), 59–71.

So, J. K. (1980). Human biological adaptation to arctic and subarctic zones. Annual Review of Anthropology, 9, 63–82.

Soares, P., Alshamali, F., Pereira, J. B., Fernandes, V., Silva, N. M., Afonso, C., ... & Pereira, L. (2012). The expansion of mtDNA haplogroup L3 within and out of Africa. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 29(3), 915–927.

Solovieff, N., Hartley, S. W., Baldwin, C. T., Klings, E. S., Gladwin, M. T., Taylor VI, J. G., Kato, G. J., Farrer, L. A., Steinberg, M. H., & Sebastiani, P. (2011). Ancestry of African Americans with sickle cell disease. Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases, 47(1), 41–45.

Stapley, J., Feulner, P. G., Johnston, S. E., Santure, A. W., & Smadja, C. M. (2017). Recombination: the good, the bad and the variable. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 372(1736), 20170279.

Stefansson, H., Helgason, A., Thorleifsson, G., Steinthorsdottir, V., Masson, G., Barnard, J., ... & Stefansson, K. (2005). A common inversion under selection in Europeans. Nature Genetics, 37, 129–137.

Stock, F., & Gifford-Gonzalez, D. (2013). Genetics and African cattle domestication. African Archaeological Review, 30, 51–72.

Stringer, C. (2012). The status of Homo heidelbergensis (Schoetensack 1908). Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews, 21(3), 101–107.

Sutikna, T., Tocheri, M. W., Morwood, M. J., Saptomo, E. W., Jatmiko, Awe, R. D., ... & Roberts, R. G. (2016). Revised stratigraphy and chronology for Homo floresiensis at Liang Bua in Indonesia. Nature, 532, 366–369.

Svanbäck, R., & Schluter, D. (2012). Niche specialization influences adaptive phenotypic plasticity in the threespine stickleback. The American Naturalist, 180(1), 50–59.

Tang, H., Quertermous, T., Rodriguez, B., Kardia, S. L., Zhu, X., Brown, A., ... & Risch, N. J. (2005). Genetic structure, self-identified race/ethnicity, and confounding in case-control association studies. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 76(2), 268–275.

Temple, R., & Stockbridge, N. L. (2007). BiDil for heart failure in black patients: The US Food and Drug Administration perspective. Annals of Internal Medicine, 146(1), 57–62.

Templer, D. I., & Arikawa, H. (2006). Temperature, skin color, per capita income, and IQ: An international perspective. Intelligence, 34(2), 121–139.

Templer, D. I., & Stephens, J. S. (2014). The relationship between IQ and climatic variables in African and Eurasian countries. Intelligence, 46, 169-178.

Temrin, H., Buchmayer, S., & Enquist, M. (2000). Step–parents and infanticide: new data contradict evolutionary predictions. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 267(1446), 943–945.

Thomas, J. A., Welch, J. J., Lanfear, R., & Bromham, L. (2010). A generation time effect on the rate of molecular evolution in invertebrates. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 27(5), 1173–1180.

Thompson, P. M., Cannon, T. D., Narr, K. L., Van Erp, T., Poutanen, V. P., Huttunen, M., ... & Toga, A. W. (2001). Genetic influences on brain structure. Nature Neuroscience, 4, 1253–1258.

Thorpe, S. K., Holder, R. L., & Crompton, R. H. (2007). Origin of human bipedalism as an adaptation for locomotion on flexible branches. Science, 316(5829), 1328–1331.

Timmermann, A., Yun, K. S., Raia, P., Ruan, J., Mondanaro, A., Zeller, E., ... & Ganopolski, A. (2022). Climate effects on archaic human habitats and species successions. Nature, 604(7906), 495–501.

Tishkoff, S. A., Reed, F. A., Friedlaender, F. R., Ehret, C., Ranciaro, A., Froment, A., ... & Williams, S. M. (2009). The genetic structure and history of Africans and African Americans. Science, 324(5930), 1035–1044.

Tishkoff, S. A., Reed, F. A., Ranciaro, A., Voight, B. F., Babbitt, C. C., Silverman, J. S., ... & Deloukas, P. (2007). Convergent adaptation of human lactase persistence in Africa and Europe. Nature Genetics, 39(1), 31–40.

Tobler, R., Rohrlach, A., Soubrier, J., Bover, P., Llamas, B., Tuke, J., ... & Cooper, A. (2017). Aboriginal mitogenomes reveal 50,000 years of regionalism in Australia. Nature, 544, 180–184.

Toews, D. P., & Brelsford, A. (2012). The biogeography of mitochondrial and nuclear discordance in animals. Molecular Ecology, 21(16), 3907–3930.

Tojima, S. (2021). A tale of the tail: a comprehensive understanding of the “human tail”. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society, 64(3), 340–345.

Tomasello, M., Hare, B., Lehmann, H., & Call, J. (2007). Reliance on head versus eyes in the gaze following of great apes and human infants: the cooperative eye hypothesis. Journal of Human Evolution, 52(3), 314–320.

Tomkins, J. P., & Bergman, J. (2015). Evolutionary molecular genetic clocks—a perpetual exercise in futility and failure. Journal of Creation, 29(2), 26–35.

Tooley, G. A., Karakis, M., Stokes, M., & Ozanne-Smith, J. (2006). Generalising the Cinderella Effect to unintentional childhood fatalities. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27(3), 224–230.

Toomey, R., Panizzon, M. S., Kremen, W. S., Franz, C. E., & Lyons, M. J. (2015). A twin-study of genetic contributions to morningness–eveningness and depression. Chronobiology International, 32(3), 303–309.

Trivers, R., Jacobson, A., & Manning, J. T. (2020). Radiographic digit ratios (2D: 4D) of Afro-Caribbean children: Comparisons with published data from white children. Early Human Development, 146, 105072.

Tu, M., Zhang, H., Guo, Y., Zhang, L., Wei, X., & Yu, Q. (2023). Which grandparent is more intimate? The effects of the gender of grandchildren. Current Psychology, 42, 5337–5346.

Tufto, J. (2015). Genetic evolution, plasticity, and bet-hedging as adaptive responses to temporally autocorrelated fluctuating selection: A quantitative genetic model. Evolution, 69(8), 2034–2049.

Tylén, K., Fusaroli, R., Rojo, S., Heimann, K., Fay, N., Johannsen, N. N., Riede, F., & Lombard, M. (2020). The evolution of early symbolic behavior in Homo sapiens. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(9), 4578–4584.

Trense, D., Habel, J. C., Kramp, K., Schmitt, T., & Fischer, K. (2021). Does specialisation affect genetic diversity in (pre-) Alpine populations of four species of Copper butterflies?. Journal of Insect Conservation, 25, 321–338.

Underhill, P. A., Passarino, G., Lin, A. A., Shen, P., Lahr, M. M., Foley, R. A., ... & Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (2001). The phylogeography of Y chromosome binary haplotypes and the origins of modern human populations. Annals of Human Genetics, 65(1), 43–62.

Van Schaik, C. P., Ancrenaz, M., Borgen, G., Galdikas, B., Knott, C. D., Singleton, I., ... & Merrill, M. (2003). Orangutan cultures and the evolution of material culture. Science, 299(5603), 102–105.

van Schaik, C. P., Ancrenaz, M., Djojoasmoro, R., Knott, C. D., Morrogh-Bernard, H. C., Nuzuar, O. K., ... & Van Noordwijk, M. A. (2009). Orangutan cultures revisited. In S.A., Wich, S. S. U., Atmoko, T. M., Setia, & C. P., van Schaik (Eds.), Orangutans: Geographic Variation in Behavioral Ecology and Conservation (pp. 299–309). Oxford University Press.

Vaneechoutte, M., Kuliukas, A., & Verhaegen, M. (2012a). Was Man More Aquatic in the Past? Fifty Years After Alister Hardy: Waterside Hypotheses of Human Evolution. Bentham Science Publishers.

Vaneechoutte, M., Munro, S., & Verhaegen, M. (2012b). Reply to John Langdon’s review of the eBook: Was Man more aquatic in the past? Fifty years after Alister Hardy, Waterside Hypotheses of Human Evolution, Mario Vaneechoutte, Algis Kuliukas, Marc Verhaegen (Eds.), Bentham eBooks (2011), eISBN: 9781608052448.

Vernon, P. A., Martin, R. A., Schermer, J. A., Cherkas, L. F., & Spector, T. D. (2008). Genetic and environmental contributions to humor styles: A replication study. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 11(1), 44–47.

Vernot, B., & Akey, J. M. (2014). Resurrecting surviving Neandertal lineages from modern human genomes. Science, 343(6174), 1017–1021.

Vernot, B., & Akey, J. M. (2015). Complex history of admixture between modern humans and Neandertals. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 96(3), 448–453.

Voracek, M. (2014). No effects of androgen receptor gene CAG and GGC repeat polymorphisms on digit ratio (2D: 4D): a comprehensive meta-analysis and critical evaluation of research. Evolution and Human Behavior, 35(5), 430–437.

Wai, J. (2013). Investigating America’s elite: Cognitive ability, education, and sex differences. Intelligence, 41(4), 203–211.

Wai, J. (2014). Experts are born, then made: Combining prospective and retrospective longitudinal data shows that cognitive ability matters. Intelligence, 45, 74–80.

Wall, J. D., & Brandt, D. Y. C. (2016). Archaic admixture in human history. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 41, 93–97.

Wagner, D. R., & Heyward, V. H. (2000). Measures of body composition in blacks and whites: a comparative review. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71(6), 1392–1402.

Weekes-Shackelford, V. A., & Shackelford, T. K. (2004). Methods of filicide: Stepparents and genetic parents kill differently. Violence and Victims, 19(1), 75–81.

Wei, Y., de Lange, S. C., Scholtens, L. H., Watanabe, K., Ardesch, D. J., Jansen, P. R., ... & van den Heuvel, M. P. (2019). Genetic mapping and evolutionary analysis of human-expanded cognitive networks. Nature Communications, 10(1), 4839.

Wells, J. C. (2016). The metabolic ghetto: an evolutionary perspective on nutrition, power relations and chronic disease. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Whitrow, M. J., & Harding, S. (2008). Ethnic differences in adolescent lung function: anthropometric, socioeconomic, and psychosocial factors. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 177(11), 1262–1267.

Wilkins, J., Schoville, B. J., Brown, K. S., & Chazan, M. (2012). Evidence for early hafted hunting technology. Science, 338, 942–946.

Williams, S. A. (2010). Morphological integration and the evolution of knuckle-walking. Journal of Human Evolution, 58(5), 432–440.

Witherspoon, D. J., Wooding, S., Rogers, A. R., Marchani, E. E., Watkins, W. S., Batzer, M. A., & Jorde, L. B. (2007). Genetic similarities within and between human populations. Genetics, 176(1), 351–359.

Wohlers, I., Künstner, A., Munz, M., Olbrich, M., Fähnrich, A., Calonga-Solís, V., ... & Ibrahim, S. (2020). An integrated personal and population-based Egyptian genome reference. Nature Communications, 11, 4719.

Woodley, M. A., Rindermann, H., Bell, E., Stratford, J., & Piffer, D. (2014). The relationship between Microcephalin, ASPM and intelligence: A reconsideration. Intelligence, 44, 51–63.

Wray, G. A. (2007). The evolutionary significance of cis-regulatory mutations. Nature Reviews Genetics, 8(3), 206–216.

Wu, X., Pei, S., Cai, Y., Tong, H., Zhang, Z., Yan, Y., Xing, S., Martinón-Torres, M., Bermúdez de Castro, J. M., & Liu, W. (2023). Morphological and morphometric analyses of a late Middle Pleistocene hominin mandible from Hualongdong, China. Journal of Human Evolution, 182, 103411.

Xia, Z., Chen, H., Zhang, Y., & Huang, S. (2021). Ancient uniparental DNAs in distinguishing the competing theories of molecular evolution and modern human origins. Research Square.

Xia, B., Zhang, W., Zhao, G., Zhang, X., Bai, J., Brosh, R., ... & Yanai, I. (2024). On the genetic basis of tail-loss evolution in humans and apes. Nature, 626, 1042–1048.

Xu, Y., & Zheng, Y. (2015). The digit ratio (2D: 4D) in China: A meta‐analysis. American Journal of Human Biology, 27(3), 304–309.

Zaidi, A. A., Mattern, B. C., Claes, P., McEcoy, B., Hughes, C., & Shriver, M. D. (2017). Investigating the case of human nose shape and climate adaptation. PLoS Genetics, 13(3), e1006616.

Zhang, Y., & Huang, S. (2019). The Out of East Asia model versus the African Eve model of modern human origins in light of ancient mtDNA findings. bioRxiv.

Zhao, B., Ibrahim, J. G., Li, Y., Li, T., Wang, Y., Shan, Y., ... & Zhu, H. (2019). Heritability of regional brain volumes in large-scale neuroimaging and genetic studies. Cerebral Cortex, 29(7), 2904–2914.

Zietsch, B. P., Verweij, K. J., Heath, A. C., & Martin, N. G. (2011). Variation in human mate choice: Simultaneously investigating heritability, parental influence, sexual imprinting, and assortative mating. The American Naturalist, 177(5), 605–616.

Zink, R. M., & Barrowclough, G. (2008) Mitochondrial DNA under siege in avian phylogeography. Molecular Ecology, 17(9), 2107–2121.

Zink, K. D., & Lieberman, D. E. (2016). Impact of meat and Lower Palaeolithic food processing techniques on chewing in humans. Nature, 531, 500–503.

dookiebootybutt59 · 2026-01-15T17:13:28+0000

oh my gosh i thought this was satire

Godveil Heir · 2026-01-15T17:13:40+0000

J350 said:
it seeks to deflect attention from the well-established biological differences between the races by pointing to minor resemblances to other species. this specious reasoning is akin to arguing that since lions and cats share some physical characteristics, they are essentially the same creature. it is a transparent attempt to obfuscate the profound and meaningful genetic and anthropological differences that distinguish the negro from the caucasoid.

That was your argument, not mine

Yes, lions and cats belong to the same family but are different species.
The same applies to chimps and humans. Not ethncities

But blacks are obviously the same species as whites because their brains are mostly similar.
Body organs are the same.
Body functions are mostly the same.
Can reproduce together.
Brain functioning is also mostly same if you look up actual scientific score instead of the book written by 2 random racists propagandist, guessing IQ of nations
It's like comparing "hunter" eyes with "prey" eyes and saying a person with high uee is not human, despite both functioning as hunter eyes.

akso, your posts just sound ai slop with 100000 characters of references but barely 100 words of argument with not a single actual logically sound argument .

Michael b · 2026-01-15T17:14:06+0000

J350 said:
I cannot help but ask myself the extent to which they (negroids and Caucasoids) truly constitute a part of the same species. genetic analyses have discerned a striking degree of endogamy within both racial groups, with allelic diversity exceeding that observed amongst certain avian, reptilian, and piscean taxonomies [1]. this genetic isolation, archaic hominid ancestry, begs the question: are we still warranted in appending the moniker 'homo sapiens' to all of humanity with such disparate lineage?

fuerle's work [2][3], imbued with a rigorously scientific methodology and an unflinching commitment to the truth, forces us to confront the possibility that the negro may represent a distinct, albeit closely related, species. the notion, once taboo, of affording the negro a unique taxonomic designation, emerges as a plausible hypothesis that merits further scholarly scrutiny.

by examining the negro through the lens of modern genetics, anatomy, and evolutionary theory, we find ourselves compelled to revisit the very definition of our species. the persistence of racial disparities, rooted in our deep evolutionary past, challenges us to reevaluate the boundaries of what it means to be human.

references
[1] Shriver MD, Kennedy GC, Parra EJ, Lawson HA, Sonpar V, Huang J, Akey JM, Jones KW. The genomic distribution of population substructure in four populations using 8,525 autosomal SNPs. Hum Genomics. 2004 May;1(4):274-86. doi: 10.1186/1479-7364-1-4-274. PMID: 15588487; PMCID: PMC3525267.
[2] Fuerle, R. D. (2008). Erectus walks amongst us: The evolution of modern humans. Spooner Press. ISBN 978-1-60458-121-8.
[3]Hu, Meng. 2025. “Erectus Walks Amongst Us: A Book Arguing That Africans Are a Different Species…” July 13, 2025.

Biomaxx · 2026-01-15T17:16:20+0000

J350 said:
I cannot help but ask myself the extent to which they (negroids and Caucasoids) truly constitute a part of the same species. genetic analyses have discerned a striking degree of endogamy within both racial groups, with allelic diversity exceeding that observed amongst certain avian, reptilian, and piscean taxonomies [1]. this genetic isolation, archaic hominid ancestry, begs the question: are we still warranted in appending the moniker 'homo sapiens' to all of humanity with such disparate lineage?

fuerle's work [2][3], imbued with a rigorously scientific methodology and an unflinching commitment to the truth, forces us to confront the possibility that the negro may represent a distinct, albeit closely related, species. the notion, once taboo, of affording the negro a unique taxonomic designation, emerges as a plausible hypothesis that merits further scholarly scrutiny.

by examining the negro through the lens of modern genetics, anatomy, and evolutionary theory, we find ourselves compelled to revisit the very definition of our species. the persistence of racial disparities, rooted in our deep evolutionary past, challenges us to reevaluate the boundaries of what it means to be human.

references
[1] Shriver MD, Kennedy GC, Parra EJ, Lawson HA, Sonpar V, Huang J, Akey JM, Jones KW. The genomic distribution of population substructure in four populations using 8,525 autosomal SNPs. Hum Genomics. 2004 May;1(4):274-86. doi: 10.1186/1479-7364-1-4-274. PMID: 15588487; PMCID: PMC3525267.
[2] Fuerle, R. D. (2008). Erectus walks amongst us: The evolution of modern humans. Spooner Press. ISBN 978-1-60458-121-8.
[3]Hu, Meng. 2025. “Erectus Walks Amongst Us: A Book Arguing That Africans Are a Different Species…” July 13, 2025.

You are so wierd man, please seek some help

dookiebootybutt59 · 2026-01-15T17:17:02+0000

Biomaxx said:
You are so wierd man, please seek some help

this is an incel forum dude you cant even be surprised at this point

dookiebootybutt59 · 2026-01-15T17:17:19+0000

Biomaxx · 2026-01-15T17:17:56+0000

dookiebootybutt59 said:
this is an incel forum dude you cant even be surprised at this point

No human should bare hatred towards another

pedroiisboa · 2026-01-15T17:25:30+0000

fr the worst thread ive seen, u are a sick human being, idek if i can call u that

J350 · 2026-01-15T17:54:33+0000

Godveil Heir said:
akso, your posts just sound ai slop with 100000 characters of references but barely 100 words of argument with not a single actual logically sound argument .

Godveil Heir said:
That was your argument, not mine

Yes, lions and cats belong to the same family but are different species.
The same applies to chimps and humans. Not ethncities

But blacks are obviously the same species as whites because their brains are mostly similar.
Body organs are the same.
Body functions are mostly the same.
Can reproduce together.
Brain functioning is also mostly same if you look up actual scientific score instead of the book written by 2 random racists propagandist, guessing IQ of nations
It's like comparing "hunter" eyes with "prey" eyes and saying a person with high uee is not human, despite both functioning as hunter eyes.

already addressed this

pedroiisboa said:
fr the worst thread ive seen, u are a sick human being, idek if i can call u that

facts > feelings

dookiebootybutt59 said:
View attachment 21823

bigot

pedroiisboa · 2026-01-15T17:55:21+0000

J350 said:
View attachment 21835

already addressed this

facts > feelings

bigot

not even a fact bro, u just hating

Godveil Heir · 2026-01-15T17:56:44+0000

J350 said:
already addressed this

how about you just sum up your argument with proper articulation?
instead of just spamming irrelevant info & sources

dookiebootybutt59 · 2026-01-15T17:58:12+0000

i know you get shoved in lockers at school dude

J350 · 2026-01-15T18:00:04+0000

dookiebootybutt59 said:
i know you get shoved in lockers at school dude

im 28

Godveil Heir said:
how about you just sum up your argument with proper articulation?
instead of just spamming irrelevant info & sources

pm me and ill give you my discord, ill explain on a call, im preoccupied with me and my husbands anniversary

dookiebootybutt59 · 2026-01-15T18:01:42+0000

J350 said:
im 28

pm me and ill give you my discord, ill explain on a call, im preoccupied with me and my husbands anniversary

you're trying to tell me that you're pushing thirty asking for my discord on an incel forum so you can explain your obviously heavily ai assisted speech on why black people arent human beings. oh my goodness theres no way i breathe the same air as this person

Godveil Heir · 2026-01-15T18:02:14+0000

J350 said:
me and my husbands anniversary

J350 · 2026-01-15T18:03:54+0000

dookiebootybutt59 said:
you're trying to tell me that you're pushing thirty asking for my discord on an incel forum so you can explain your obviously heavily ai assisted speech on why black people arent human beings. oh my goodness theres no way i breathe the same air as this person

i wasnt replying to you, idiot
also i showed you my diploma

Godveil Heir said:
View attachment 21842

?
i am a homosexual

Godveil Heir · 2026-01-15T18:06:23+0000

J350 You have 5 minutes
A video of you handwriting "J350 on .gg" on paper and your arm exposed, or simply saying it out loud with your face visible .

or ban

dookiebootybutt59 · 2026-01-15T18:06:44+0000

J350 said:
i wasnt replying to you, idiot
also i showed you my diploma

?
i am a homosexual

please stay far away from children and animals im begging you

Godveil Heir · 2026-01-15T18:07:28+0000

Godveil Heir said:
J350 You have 5 minutes
A video of you handwriting "J350 on .gg" on paper and your arm exposed, or simply saying it out loud with your face visible .

or ban

gave you the option of saying it out loud incase you wanna larp estradiol taker femboy

J350 · 2026-01-15T18:08:42+0000

Godveil Heir said:
J350 You have 5 minutes
A video of you handwriting "J350 on .gg" on paper and your arm exposed, or simply saying it out loud with your face visible .

or ban

im infamous on lookist forums, lol

i was top 50 on org for reps and posts

Looksmax - Men's Self Improvement Forum

Follow Us On Social Media

Modernity negates meaning.

Iron

Attachments

Perfectionist

Iron

Modernity negates meaning.

Iron

Perfectionist

Iron

Attachments

Ldaring or pinning

Iron

Iron

Ldaring or pinning

mtbpussyslayer

Modernity negates meaning.

mtbpussyslayer

Perfectionist

Iron

Modernity negates meaning.

Iron

Perfectionist

Modernity negates meaning.

Perfectionist

Iron

Perfectionist

Modernity negates meaning.

Users who are viewing this thread

Similar threads

About Us

Online statistics