Understanding Gene Demethlyation (3 Viewers)

[fent]

This thread will go into the bodies mechanism for active demethylation
Writing this thread because you will need to understand it for my next thread.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Active DNA demethylation refers to the enzymatic, replication-independent removal of methyl groups from DNA (specifically 5-methylcytosine, or 5mC) in mammalian cells, including the human body. This process is crucial for dynamic gene regulation during embryonic development, cell differentiation, reprogramming, and responses in post-mitotic cells like neurons.

It contrasts with passive demethylation, which occurs when maintenance methylation (by DNMT1) is inhibited during DNA replication, leading to gradual dilution of 5mC over cell divisions. Active demethylation, however, directly reverses methylation without requiring replication.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The dominant pathway for active DNA demethylation in mammals is mediated by TET (Ten-Eleven Translocation) enzymes (TET1, TET2, TET3). These are Fe(II)- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that iteratively oxidize 5mC. The oxidized intermediates are then processed by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) and the base excision repair (BER) machinery to restore unmodified cytosine.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The sequence in which it works
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oxidation by TET enzymes:

TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC).
Further oxidation produces 5-formylcytosine (5fC).
Final oxidation yields 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC).
These steps occur in an Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent manner and can happen at specific genomic loci (e.g., enhancers, gene bodies, or promoters) recruited by transcription factors or RNA polymerase II.

Excision by TDG:

TDG specifically recognizes and excises 5fC or 5caC (but not 5hmC efficiently), creating an abasic (AP) site

Base excision repair (BER):
The AP site is processed by APE1 (endonuclease), DNA polymerase β (fills in the gap with unmodified cytosine), and ligase to complete repair.
The net result: 5mC to C (unmethylated cytosine.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Going to explain how we can utilize it in my next thread.

Spoiler: GKC

nineteen tmpll XvideosDemon antifoidaction carbon FaZe_Kjetil00 @fgfr3 LifeEnjoyer Razi Amygdala Biomaxx blank coloringhalo dept14 FoidSlayer H hideandseek Michael b Mirin Mtn_hell Peace Tismo@determinism@Kanyewestlover66 AlexBrown3434 slogxER Skulloute @Fram3Let determinism

 

[AlexBrown3434]

I appreciate and am mirin this info very much

 

[AlexBrown3434]

Curious to see the use cases

 

[fent]

Curious to see the use cases

Ill probally explain on discord before i write the next thread

 

[XvideosDemon]

This thread will go into the bodies mechanism for active demethylation
Writing this thread because you will need to understand it for my next thread.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Active DNA demethylation refers to the enzymatic, replication-independent removal of methyl groups from DNA (specifically 5-methylcytosine, or 5mC) in mammalian cells, including the human body. This process is crucial for dynamic gene regulation during embryonic development, cell differentiation, reprogramming, and responses in post-mitotic cells like neurons.

It contrasts with passive demethylation, which occurs when maintenance methylation (by DNMT1) is inhibited during DNA replication, leading to gradual dilution of 5mC over cell divisions. Active demethylation, however, directly reverses methylation without requiring replication.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The dominant pathway for active DNA demethylation in mammals is mediated by TET (Ten-Eleven Translocation) enzymes (TET1, TET2, TET3). These are Fe(II)- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that iteratively oxidize 5mC. The oxidized intermediates are then processed by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) and the base excision repair (BER) machinery to restore unmodified cytosine.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The sequence in which it works
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oxidation by TET enzymes:

TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC).
Further oxidation produces 5-formylcytosine (5fC).
Final oxidation yields 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC).
These steps occur in an Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent manner and can happen at specific genomic loci (e.g., enhancers, gene bodies, or promoters) recruited by transcription factors or RNA polymerase II.

Excision by TDG:

TDG specifically recognizes and excises 5fC or 5caC (but not 5hmC efficiently), creating an abasic (AP) site

Base excision repair (BER):
The AP site is processed by APE1 (endonuclease), DNA polymerase β (fills in the gap with unmodified cytosine), and ligase to complete repair.
The net result: 5mC to C (unmethylated cytosine.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Going to explain how we can utilize it in my next thread.

Spoiler: GKC

nineteen tmpll XvideosDemon antifoidaction carbon FaZe_Kjetil00 @fgfr3 LifeEnjoyer Razi Amygdala Biomaxx blank coloringhalo dept14 FoidSlayer H hideandseek Michael b Mirin Mtn_hell Peace Tismo@determinism@Kanyewestlover66 AlexBrown3434 slogxER Skulloute @Fram3Let determinism

Nice can’t wait for next thread

 

[FoidSlayer]

Mirin, I'm too stupid to understand any of this.

Also I like the formatting, shit looks retro

 

[misanthrope]

This thread will go into the bodies mechanism for active demethylation
Writing this thread because you will need to understand it for my next thread.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Active DNA demethylation refers to the enzymatic, replication-independent removal of methyl groups from DNA (specifically 5-methylcytosine, or 5mC) in mammalian cells, including the human body. This process is crucial for dynamic gene regulation during embryonic development, cell differentiation, reprogramming, and responses in post-mitotic cells like neurons.

It contrasts with passive demethylation, which occurs when maintenance methylation (by DNMT1) is inhibited during DNA replication, leading to gradual dilution of 5mC over cell divisions. Active demethylation, however, directly reverses methylation without requiring replication.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The dominant pathway for active DNA demethylation in mammals is mediated by TET (Ten-Eleven Translocation) enzymes (TET1, TET2, TET3). These are Fe(II)- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that iteratively oxidize 5mC. The oxidized intermediates are then processed by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) and the base excision repair (BER) machinery to restore unmodified cytosine.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The sequence in which it works
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oxidation by TET enzymes:

TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC).
Further oxidation produces 5-formylcytosine (5fC).
Final oxidation yields 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC).
These steps occur in an Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent manner and can happen at specific genomic loci (e.g., enhancers, gene bodies, or promoters) recruited by transcription factors or RNA polymerase II.

Excision by TDG:

TDG specifically recognizes and excises 5fC or 5caC (but not 5hmC efficiently), creating an abasic (AP) site

Base excision repair (BER):
The AP site is processed by APE1 (endonuclease), DNA polymerase β (fills in the gap with unmodified cytosine), and ligase to complete repair.
The net result: 5mC to C (unmethylated cytosine.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Going to explain how we can utilize it in my next thread.

Spoiler: GKC

nineteen tmpll XvideosDemon antifoidaction carbon FaZe_Kjetil00 @fgfr3 LifeEnjoyer Razi Amygdala Biomaxx blank coloringhalo dept14 FoidSlayer H hideandseek Michael b Mirin Mtn_hell Peace Tismo@determinism@Kanyewestlover66 AlexBrown3434 slogxER Skulloute @Fram3Let determinism

nice

 

[FoidSlayer]

nice

Name change?

 

[misanthrope]

Name change?

yes

 

[FoidSlayer]

yes

Tuff

 

[misanthrope]

Tuff

the fgfr3 you once knew is DEAD.

 

[FoidSlayer]

the fgfr3 you once knew is DEAD.

Oh? What's this supposed to mean?

 

[Mandy]

Mirin, I'm too stupid to understand any of this.

Also I like the formatting, shit looks retro

You’re not alone,I also barely understand anything that’s genomic besides base constructs.

 

[FoidSlayer]

You’re not alone,I also barely understand anything that’s genomic besides base constructs.

I missed seeing you online bhai, it's good to see u

 

[Mandy]

I missed seeing you online bhai, it's good to see u

has the forum dramatically decreased in quality?

 

[Mandy]

has the forum dramatically decreased in quality?

It feels off

 

[AlexBrown3434]

has the forum dramatically decreased in quality?

Cause it has, the case with all forums

 

[FoidSlayer]

has the forum dramatically decreased in quality?

Mmm kinda, the new UI looks nice, I've gotten used to it. I wouldn't say necessarily decrease in quality but there's not as much useful info actually being posted y'know, it seems like its a little dead and whenever a new thread does get posted it's some mf complaining about tiktokcels in off topic or something

 

[Mandy]

Mmm kinda, the new UI looks nice, I've gotten used to it. I wouldn't say necessarily decrease in quality but there's not as much useful info actually being posted y'know, it seems like its a little dead and whenever a new thread does get posted it's some mf complaining about tiktokcels in off topic or something

There’s nothing much to post about info,literally every method or compound or whatever that has been barely known in 2023 is literal water in 2026.

 

[FoidSlayer]

There’s nothing much to post about info,literally every method or compound or whatever that has been barely known in 2023 is literal water in 2026.

That's true, nothing to really post and whenever you do post something there's some dude that's like muhh water

Anyways how are things going with you?

 

[Mandy]

That's true, nothing to really post and whenever you do post something there's some dude that's like muhh water

Yeah for example my ascension guide,nigga I don’t care if it’s water or not if it works,it works.

Anyways how are things going with you?

I’m fine,today was quite nice.

 

[FoidSlayer]

Yeah for example my ascension guide,nigga I don’t care if it’s water or not if it works,it works.

Peak guide, I need to get off my lazy ass and start researching/buying stuff

I’m fine,today was quite nice.

I'm glad to hear that

 

[Mandy]

Peak guide, I need to get off my lazy ass and start researching/buying stuff

It’s whatever,yeah it can improve you depending on context,but worth a nice face if you’re still stuck in social hell? I went from ugly with “friends” to a decently looking guy that only gets talked to whenever someone wants a massage (literally).

I'm glad to hear that

You’re a great guy

 

[FoidSlayer]

It’s whatever,yeah it can improve you depending on context,but worth a nice face if you’re still stuck in social hell? I went from ugly with “friends” to a decently looking guy that only gets talked to whenever someone wants a massage (literally).

That's true, I guess I'd rather be stuck in social hell with a decent face than a bad one ofc. I'm guessing those "friends" we're fake? Oh and tell me the massage lore pls

You’re a great guy

I always enjoy talking with you

 

[Mandy]

That's true, I guess I'd rather be stuck in social hell with a decent face than a bad one ofc. I'm guessing those "friends" we're fake? Oh and tell me the massage lore pls

In school,the only times I get talked to is either some useless shit or if someone wants a massage. So I always do them,makes me feel less useless and is a bit fun to do and in any other moment,most of the time I text ChatGPT on the school iPad,that’s it.

 

[Mandy]

In school,the only times I get talked to is either some useless shit or if someone wants a massage. So I always do them,makes me feel less useless and is a bit fun to do and in any other moment,most of the time I text ChatGPT on the school iPad,that’s it.

It’s one of the things I’m good at that,I do it good,I like the praise even if it’s short lived.

 

[FoidSlayer]

In school,the only times I get talked to is either some useless shit or if someone wants a massage. So I always do them,makes me feel less useless and is a bit fun to do and in any other moment,most of the time I text ChatGPT on the school iPad,that’s it.

I got you, I'm sure you wish for more than just that right?

It’s one of the things I’m good at that,I do it good,I like the praise even if it’s short lived.

Getting praised feels so good lol

 

[Mandy]

I got you, I'm sure you wish for more than just that right?

It’s whatever,there is no escape for me. I can’t keep feeling sorry constantly,I just appreciate what I have and then go to mania when there’s nothing going for my way.

Getting praised feels so good lol

I mostly like their smell,that’s another reason.

 

[FoidSlayer]

It’s whatever,there is no escape for me. I can’t keep feeling sorry constantly,I just appreciate what I have and then go to mania when there’s nothing going for my way.

That's good though, it's best to appreciate the things you have because I feel like if you just focus on things that you don't have, you'll just end up miserable

I mostly like their smell,that’s another reason.

Ngl I lowkey have a thing for smells, like natural body scent but not like BO, like idk how to explain it but I would want to smell my partner if I ever get one. But yeah, ts relatable

 

[Mandy]

Ngl I lowkey have a thing for smells, like natural body scent but not like BO, like idk how to explain it but I would want to smell my partner if I ever get one. But yeah, ts relatable

no one likes body odor,natural scent is often via hormones but arent exactly pheromones of course. But yeah,I don’t think any female smells natural 2026,I often find men to have a better scent but that’s just what I find attractive subjectively.

 

[FoidSlayer]

no one likes body odor,natural scent is often via hormones but arent exactly pheromones of course. But yeah,I don’t think any female smells natural 2026,I often find men to have a better scent but that’s just what I find attractive subjectively.

Most women's scents are too strong, makes my eyes water jfl

Especially at the end of class when you hear them spraying on like 6 sprays of perfume

 

[Parsival]

This thread will go into the bodies mechanism for active demethylation
Writing this thread because you will need to understand it for my next thread.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Active DNA demethylation refers to the enzymatic, replication-independent removal of methyl groups from DNA (specifically 5-methylcytosine, or 5mC) in mammalian cells, including the human body. This process is crucial for dynamic gene regulation during embryonic development, cell differentiation, reprogramming, and responses in post-mitotic cells like neurons.

It contrasts with passive demethylation, which occurs when maintenance methylation (by DNMT1) is inhibited during DNA replication, leading to gradual dilution of 5mC over cell divisions. Active demethylation, however, directly reverses methylation without requiring replication.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The dominant pathway for active DNA demethylation in mammals is mediated by TET (Ten-Eleven Translocation) enzymes (TET1, TET2, TET3). These are Fe(II)- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that iteratively oxidize 5mC. The oxidized intermediates are then processed by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) and the base excision repair (BER) machinery to restore unmodified cytosine.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The sequence in which it works
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oxidation by TET enzymes:

TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC).
Further oxidation produces 5-formylcytosine (5fC).
Final oxidation yields 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC).
These steps occur in an Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent manner and can happen at specific genomic loci (e.g., enhancers, gene bodies, or promoters) recruited by transcription factors or RNA polymerase II.

Excision by TDG:

TDG specifically recognizes and excises 5fC or 5caC (but not 5hmC efficiently), creating an abasic (AP) site

Base excision repair (BER):
The AP site is processed by APE1 (endonuclease), DNA polymerase β (fills in the gap with unmodified cytosine), and ligase to complete repair.
The net result: 5mC to C (unmethylated cytosine.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Going to explain how we can utilize it in my next thread.

Spoiler: GKC

nineteen tmpll XvideosDemon antifoidaction carbon FaZe_Kjetil00 @fgfr3 LifeEnjoyer Razi Amygdala Biomaxx blank coloringhalo dept14 FoidSlayer H hideandseek Michael b Mirin Mtn_hell Peace Tismo@determinism@Kanyewestlover66 AlexBrown3434 slogxER Skulloute @Fram3Let determinism

Finally a worthy thread, I love u my sigma

 

[Mandy]

Most women's scents are too strong, makes my eyes water jfl

Especially at the end of class when you hear them spraying on like 6 sprays of perfume

It’s always vanilla or some cherry blossom shit

 

[FoidSlayer]

It’s always vanilla or some cherry blossom shit

Wait can you see dms if you're temp banned on dc?

 

[Mandy]

Wait can you see dms if you're temp banned on dc?

No sadly,just message on TikTok I’m catboylicker999

 

[AlexBrown3434]

No sadly,just message on TikTok I’m catboylicker999

holy name holy name holy name holy name

 

[FoidSlayer]

No sadly,just message on TikTok I’m catboylicker999

I'm pretty sure I already follow you lemme go on tiktok rq

 

[hoodsickle]

This thread will go into the bodies mechanism for active demethylation
Writing this thread because you will need to understand it for my next thread.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Active DNA demethylation refers to the enzymatic, replication-independent removal of methyl groups from DNA (specifically 5-methylcytosine, or 5mC) in mammalian cells, including the human body. This process is crucial for dynamic gene regulation during embryonic development, cell differentiation, reprogramming, and responses in post-mitotic cells like neurons.

It contrasts with passive demethylation, which occurs when maintenance methylation (by DNMT1) is inhibited during DNA replication, leading to gradual dilution of 5mC over cell divisions. Active demethylation, however, directly reverses methylation without requiring replication.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The dominant pathway for active DNA demethylation in mammals is mediated by TET (Ten-Eleven Translocation) enzymes (TET1, TET2, TET3). These are Fe(II)- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that iteratively oxidize 5mC. The oxidized intermediates are then processed by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) and the base excision repair (BER) machinery to restore unmodified cytosine.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The sequence in which it works
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oxidation by TET enzymes:

TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC).
Further oxidation produces 5-formylcytosine (5fC).
Final oxidation yields 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC).
These steps occur in an Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent manner and can happen at specific genomic loci (e.g., enhancers, gene bodies, or promoters) recruited by transcription factors or RNA polymerase II.

Excision by TDG:

TDG specifically recognizes and excises 5fC or 5caC (but not 5hmC efficiently), creating an abasic (AP) site

Base excision repair (BER):
The AP site is processed by APE1 (endonuclease), DNA polymerase β (fills in the gap with unmodified cytosine), and ligase to complete repair.
The net result: 5mC to C (unmethylated cytosine.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Going to explain how we can utilize it in my next thread.

Spoiler: GKC

nineteen tmpll XvideosDemon antifoidaction carbon FaZe_Kjetil00 @fgfr3 LifeEnjoyer Razi Amygdala Biomaxx blank coloringhalo dept14 FoidSlayer H hideandseek Michael b Mirin Mtn_hell Peace Tismo@determinism@Kanyewestlover66 AlexBrown3434 slogxER Skulloute @Fram3Let determinism

I dont know what every second word means, mirin

 

[User]

mirin

 

[FoidSlayer]

mirin

Hello

 

[User]

Hello

yoooo

 

[FoidSlayer]

yoooo

Wasup, how you doing rn

 

[User]

Wasup, how you doing rn

not much just cruising through life, what about you?

 

[FoidSlayer]

not much just cruising through life, what about you?

Doing alright, just figuring out stuff still y'know

 

[User]

Doing alright, just figuring out stuff still y'know

kinda relate kinda don't ngl

 

[FoidSlayer]

kinda relate kinda don't ngl

Well I'm glad that you're here...........

Well it's getting late, I'm gonna head to bed. Night

 

[User]

Well I'm glad that you're here...........

Well it's getting late, I'm gonna head to bed. Night

glad you're here too

good night